洛阳木札岭门票多少钱(20篇)

朋友们，请大家静下心来，因为我们很快就要进入老君山风景最为瑰丽奇妙的“石林景区”了。提起石林有人可能会想到云南路南蠡族自治县的石林，会想到美丽的阿斯玛。栾川君山的石林与云南的石林相比有很大的不同。从地质角度讲，云南石林属典型的石灰岩岩溶地貌，栾川君山属海底火山岩及火山沉积岩系。从外型上看，云南石林石像众多，且小巧奇异;君山石林石像数相对少些，却雄壮奇裔。这样比喻吧，云南石林是一大群载歌载舞的南方俏妹子，君山石林则是一批威武雄壮的北方男子汉。看过云南石林的朋友，看了君山石林，在领略它的神奇的同时，也会从中体会出几分云南石林的神韵。

我们已经踏入石林景区，更妙的说法是：我们已经步入仙境。因为有人说君山石林是“缩小了的仙境，扩大了的盆景”。既然是仙境，肯定是仙人云集的地方，让我们就去欣赏他们的仙姿仙貌吧。

各位游客，我们刚才游览的石林景观，只是君山石林的一部分，还有一大部分暂未开发出来，只好等大家下次来时，再做欣赏了。

这里是老君山正顶，亮宝台、玉皇顶双峰对峙，中留一门叫南天门，寓意其高，门内平台，前建老君殿，后盖藏经楼，明清两代都叫老子楼。原建筑始于北魏，历代重修，唐代尉迟敬德曾监工重修一次，明朝最为鼎盛，铁掾铁瓦、打铁钟、铜牛，一片金碧辉煌，解放后被毁坏，现在的庙宇是1987年重修的。

前殿叫“金顶太清观”金顶是太阳普照，光芒四射的意思，殿内供奉着太上老君及醇香火诸神，后点道德府是藏经的地方，明万历皇帝下诏书颁经卷至天下名山。在这块“诏谕碑”上说的清楚明白。老君山为天下名山，不是自封的。

这是明万历十九年铸造的打铁钟。耸立在朋友们面前的两座山峰，东面的叫亮宝台，西边叫玉皇顶，上面各有一座小庙。

大家好!欢迎大家来到神奇的龙门石窟。我叫何懿，我会陪伴大家一起游览龙门石窟，一起体验游览的乐趣。龙门石窟位于洛阳市南12.5公里处。那里青山耸翠，东西对峙，伊水王_，造像密布在伊水两岸、东西两山的峭壁上，就像一幅美丽的风景画。龙门石窟，始创于北魏孝文帝迁都洛阳(494年)年后，历经东魏、西魏、北齐、北周、隋、唐、五代、北宋诸朝500余年大规模营造。使大大小小的窟龛像蜂窝一样，密布在伊水两岸峭壁上，南北长达1公里余。据1962年龙门石窟文物保管所统计：两山现存窟龛2100多个，造像10万余尊，最大的造像高达17米多，最小的仅2厘米;造像题记和碑碣2600块左右，佛塔40余座。真是让人大吃一惊!龙门石窟在雕刻艺术史上占有非常重要的位置，巨大的造像是东方雕塑的典型。特别是石窟中的飞天，或在流云中自由翱翔，或手捧圣果凌空飞舞，或奏乐高歌，或布撒花雨，姿态轻盈，神情优雅，令人叹为观止。龙门石窟山青水秀，自古就是人们游览的胜地。历代文人学士关于描写龙门石窟风光的诗词有千百篇，李白、白居易、欧阳修等许多著名诗人都有题咏。唐代诗人白居易曾说：“洛阳四塞山水之胜，龙门石窟首焉。”所以龙门石窟每年都吸引了许许多多的中外游客游览。他们都流连忘返，如痴如醉。大家到了龙门石窟以后一定要注意以下几点：1、请游客们不要乱丢垃圾、随地吐痰。2、不能到危险的地方去玩。3、为了保护文化遗产，请大家不要在墙上乱画乱涂。希望你们到了龙门石窟可以细细游赏。

周末，天气晴朗，春光明媚，我和爸爸妈妈姐姐一起来到曹州牡丹园看牡丹花开。

“唯有牡丹真国色，花开时节动京城。”放眼望去，宽敞的牡丹园就像花的海洋，百花齐放，争奇斗艳，观花的人，潮流般涌向牡丹园。那醉人的花香、壮观的场景令人心旷神怡，我迫不及待地拿出相机拍摄下这美丽的瞬间。

我们顺着路往里走，一个美丽的小瀑布映入眼帘。我们赶紧跑过去，清澈的“山间水”顺石而流，我干脆爬到石级的顶部，感受着“山间泉水”的凉爽。再往里走，我们看到了国花门，上面刻着凤凰戏牡丹，金碧辉煌，非常壮观。

再往里走就是牡丹主题观赏区了。在这里，数不清的牡丹花聚集在一起，汇成一片花的海洋。徜徉在花海里，人们被牡丹花的美丽、花香所陶醉，脸上都洋溢着花一样的笑容，纷纷与牡丹花合影留念。微风吹来，花香四溢，引来许多蝴蝶、蜜蜂在花丛中忙忙碌碌飞来飞去，它们和人们一起分享着花香，正忙着采蜜呢!

曹州牡丹甲天下。菏泽因牡丹而闻名，我为家乡有如此壮观的牡丹园而骄傲。我爱家乡，更爱家乡的牡丹花!

龙门石窟位于洛阳市北13千米的的地方。大师请看，这里龙门山、喷鼻山两岸僵持，伊水从中穿流，远了望往便像一个自然的门阙，是以被称为“伊阙”，后因隋炀帝皆乡洛阳的宫乡乡门正对伊阙，而当代帝王以实龙皇帝自称，是以又被称为龙门。龙门区域，青山僵持、伊水中流、飞虹卧波，风光壮秀。唐朝著名诗人曾讲“洛阳四郊山水之胜，龙门首焉。”龙门山色自古便被誉为洛阳八景之首。环球著名的龙门石窟便雕刻在伊河两岸的山崖上，北北长约1千米，是北魏和唐朝皇室贵族发愿造像最散合的地方。概略有的伴侣会问：释教为何要凿窟造像呢?本因是多方面的，北魏时释教在我国传播很是遍及，佛经上说，造佛像可以广积功德，进进仙人间界，再说，关于泛博的下层老苍生往说，识字皆很困难，更不要说念什么梵文的经典了，而石窟造像可以把慈悲安详的佛像和内容形象曲不雅地发挥阐收回往，更能起到宏扬佛法的教化做用。是以我国也展现了很多释教造像艺术。龙门一带有很多大小不一的溶洞，既利于凿窟造像，又利于经久保存。是以，自北魏孝文帝迁皆洛阳时，龙门石窟便开初营造，前后延尽长达400多年，此中北魏和唐晨是两次建筑的下潮。北魏造像秀骨浑姿、宽袍大袖，而唐朝造像体躯歉满，面相圆润，线条劣美。待会我们参不雅时，大师可以体味一下这两个晨代造像分歧的风格特性。

龙门石窟的代表性洞窟有：宾阳洞、古阳洞、莲花洞、万佛洞、奉先寺等。好，伴侣们，我们边走边说，便往到了龙门石窟中最具代表性的洞窟——奉先寺，它开凿于龙门山腰之间，完工于唐下宗年间，用时25年，取“奉祀祖先”之意。主佛为卢舍那大佛，是三身佛中的报身佛，指颠终建持而得佛果之身，意义是灼烁普照众生。它通下17.14米，头下4米，耳长1.9米，结跏跌座于莲花宝座之上。是龙门石窟中最大的佛像，因武则天曾以皇后的身份，捐赠脂粉钱两万贯，设念者便遵照“佛乃非男非女，亦男亦女”的说法，摩武则天形象，将佛形成女性形象，身披通肩式袈裟，头上螺形发髻，面目相貌歉满娟秀，嘴角微翘，成现出坦白而又奥秘的浅笑，是以有人把它称为“东方的受娜丽莎”。

大师请看，在东、西两山上稀散着像蜂窝样的大小佛龛，此中窟龛2345个，造像10万余尊，碑刻题记2800余块，佛塔40余座，以数量之多位列我国三大石窟之首，它不只是国家重点文物护卫单元，借在20__年11月被列进了《天下遗产名录》

卢舍那佛的两侧是迦叶和阿难两，迦叶看上往是饱经沧桑，而阿难则是显得虔诚大方。再往两侧是两位菩萨，头戴宝冠，身着素装，并挂璎珞，显得矜重羁绊。

在北北两侧，各有一天王，一力士。大师概略主意到了，天王、力士的足脖怎么这么乌乌油明呢?官方传说，抱过天王、力士足脖的人是有福的，是以很多旅客皆曾俯身一试，这不禁使人念起“平常不烧喷鼻，临时抱佛足”的趣谚。不知讲大师感遭到没有?奉先寺的全数规划，如同是皇帝在宣召文武百官的排场，反映了唐朝国力的壮大，它既是盛唐雕刻艺术的代表，又是人类美术史上的杰做，具有永恒的艺术魅力和美学价值!

好了，各位旅客伴侣，龙门石窟便给我引睹到这儿，感谢各位支持!

located in the west of henan province in central china, luoyang occupies

quite an important geographic location. it is in the middle reaches of the

yellow river and is encircled by mountains and plains. to its east and west are

the hu lao pass and han gu pass which were essential domestic transportation

junctions in ancient times. to its north, mengjin county was an important ferry

crossing of the yellow river. thus, luoyang was selected as the capital city by

13 dynasties starting from the xia dynasty (21st-16th century bc) in the 21st

century bc. in the period following the han dynasty (206bc-220), and

particularly during the sui (581-618) and tand (618-907) dynasties, the city

experienced a period of growth and prosperity and ranked as one of the

international metropolitans of the time.

its long history endows luoyang with a profound sense of culture. the city

is the cradle of chinese civilization where many chinese legends happened, such

as nvwa patching the sky, dayu controlling flood and the chinese ancestor

huangdi establishing the nation. the city is also famed as the 'poets capital'

as poets and literates of ancient china often gathered there and left grand

works, including 'book of wisdom' ('daode jing'), 'han history' ('han shu') and

'administrative theory of admonishing official' ('zi zhi tong jian'). religious

culture once thrived here. taoism originated there and the first buddhist temple

set up by the government was located there. luoyang is also the hometown of many

of the scientific inventions of ancient china, such as the seismograph,

armillary sphere, paper making, printing and the compass.

luoyang has rich historical and cultural sites. the longmen grottoes are

one of china's three most precious treasure houses of stone sculptures and

inscriptions. the white horse temple is the first buddhist temple and is honored

as the 'cradle of buddhism in china'. mt. mangshan is where ancient tombs of

emperors, nobles and literates in the past dynasties collected. the luoyang

ancient tombs museum is the world's first example of the kind and presents

thousands of treasures discovered in the tombs. shaolin temple is the place of

origin for chinese zen buddhism and the cradle of chinese martial art.

landscapes in luoyang hold the same attraction as the cultural sites. white

cloud mountain, funiu mountain, long yu wan national forest park, ji guan

limestone cave and the yellow river xiaolangdi scenic area are all worth a

visit. additionally, luoyang is particularly well known for its peonies. every

year in april, the flowers blossom and attract tourists from all over the world.

dining in luoyang is quite an enjoyable experience. various kinds of local

dishes, including water feast, yan cai and others which use the famous yellow

river carps as an ingredient, together with the uniquely flavored soups, will

greatly satisfy your taste buds. luoyang's local specialties such as palace

lanterns, bronze vessels and tri-colored glazed potteries will no doubt delight

your eyes and offer you ideal souvenirs. being a modern city as well, luoyang

has hotels of all standards which provide you quite a broad choice for your

stay. most of the hotels have reasonable room prices and perfect services.

transportation is well developed in luoyang. beijiao airport has many

domestic flights extending to many large cities in other provinces. it's also

very easy to get to luoyang by train because one of china's most important

railway lines long hai railway traverses the city and connects most cities in

east, west and central china. the convenient city buses and taxies can carry you

around the city. near the railway station, special tourist buses can take you to

the tourist spots in the suburban areas of the city.

luoyang, a charming city filled with the fragrance of peonies and the

primitive atmosphere of ancient civilization, is waiting and welcoming guests

from all over the world. putting the city into the list of your exploration in

china, you will get far more than what you expect.

the longmen grottos

the longmen grottos are on the yihe river bank, some 12 kilometers from

ancient luoyang city, about 30 minutes' drive. it is one of the three most

important buddhist sculptures and carvings in china. the longmen grottos enjoy a

good location where two mountains confront each other between which flows the

yihe river.

the grotto was first carved in north wei dynasty, over 1500 years ago and

expanded through the succeeding east and west wei dynasties, north qi dynasty,

north zhou dynasty, sui and tang dynasties and was finally completed in north

song dynasty. over 500 years' renovation and expansion have created the

prestigious world cultural site. the most significant chiseling activities

happened in the tang and north wei dynasties, which lasted over 150 years.

spanning a length of around 1 kilometer on the hillside along the yihe

river, the niches resemble dozens of honeycombs dotting the area. there are

about 2.100 grottoes and niches, over 40 crematory urns, 3,600 inscribed stone

tablets and over 100,000 buddhist images and statues. the largest one is 17

meters high while the smallest is a tiny as 2 cm. one third of the complex are

works of the north wei dynasty. these masterpieces are the binyang cave, and

lianhua( lotus cave). the impressive qianxi temple, fengxian temple, wanfo cave(

ten thousand buddhist cave) are the highlights of the tang dynast's carvings.

the longmen grottos are of great value in world sculpture history and it has

been listed in the world cultural heritage site by the unesco. to protect such a

valuable heritage site, the chinese government as well as some influential world

cultural organizations are trying hard to share this site with the whole word. a

large-scaled renovation was undertaken in __ to keep the grottos in good

condition.

white horse temple

located at the 12 kilometers east of luoyang city, the white horse temple

is one of the oldest buddhist temples in china and is renowned as the cradle of

chinese buddhism. although it is not the largest nor the most beautiful buddhism

monument in china, this temple with its large number of buddhism items housed

there, is well worth a trip.

an interesting legend related to the temple goes that a white horse carried

the first buddhist script from india here in ancient time hence the name white

horse temple. history records that the site was original the place used by the

second han emperor-liu zhuang as a summer resort and for study. in 68 ad, when

buddhism reached its heyday in india, two indian monks brought buddhist

scriptures to luoyang on the back of a white horse. the emperor, who was a

devout buddhism believer, built the temple to house the scriptures and named it

white horse temple. it was said that there were once thousands of monks living

in the temple. it was even used as a refugee sanctuary during the social turmoil

of wang mang in the eastern han dynasty.

the two monks who brought scriptures from india were buried here. many

monks from outside china have visited the monk and many of them have spent the

rest of their time in that temple. the famous tang dynasty monk-xuanzang started

his 17 years long pilgrimage trip to indian from the temple. after returning,

xuanzhang became the abbot of the white horse temple, where he disseminated the

scriptures of buddhism for the rest of his life.

guanlin temple

at the end of guanlin nan lu, guanlin temple was built to commemorate the

great general guanyu of the state of shu during the three kingdoms period. in

the romance of three kingdoms, the shu general guanyu was defeated, captured and

executed by sunquan, the ruler of the state of wu. fearing revenge from guanyu’s

blood brother liubei who was the ruler of the state of shu, sunquan ordered to

send guanyu’s head to caocao-ruler of wei in an attempt to deflect the

responsibility for the death. caocao, however, was an admirer of guan's loyalty

and bravery. he ordered a wooden body be carved to accompany the head before

guanyu was buried.

very little is known about when the temple was first built. the complex was

developed during the ming dynasty and was underwent several renovation and

expansion during the succeeding qing dynasty. it's now comprised of halls,

temples, pavilions and guan's tomb. some valuable stone tablets with elegant

calligraphies are also found here. the place is very popular among the locals

who worship the valorous general by burning sticks of incense.

museum of ancient tombs

an interesting old saying goes that suzhou and hangzhou are good places to

live, while luoyang is a good place to die. many of the ancient emperors,

princes, generals and other public celebrities took this advice and left orders

that they were to be buried in luoyang after their death. there are over 20

ancient tombs dating from the han dynasty to the north song dynasty. a museum

was built at the site where many ancient tombs were excavated.

the museum is at the mang hill in the north suburb of the city, about 8

kilometers from the city center. covering an area of around 3 hectare, it has

two parts: the underground and above ground parts. the above ground part

contains a han-style gate, some halls. tomb models from the stone age to the han

dynasty, restored funerary objects and funeral rituals are displayed in the

eastern hall.

the underground section is a tomb groups site which is about 7 meters

underground. there are north and south song dynasties hall, wei and jin

dynasties hall, tang and song dynasties hall and a hall for refined items

excavated from the tombs. many of the vividly painted murals, valuable relics

and a number of pottery figures are on display here. visitors can also find the

models of ancient tombs. 22 ancient tombs restored to their original styles are

displayed here.

luoyang museum

luoyang served as the capitals for a long period of time. history has left

the place a large number of historical rare relics. many of these rarely seem

items can be found at the luoyang museum. the museum is located at the city

center, very easy to find.

the museum's exhibition center displays refined ancient items including

bronze wares, ceramics, gold and silver artifacts and jade. these exhibitions

offer a good illustration of the city's grand past.

luoyang peony

luoyang is renowned as: the city of peony. the city has long been famous

for its beautiful peony flowers. peony, has been called the king of flowers for

its gorgeous charm and unbelievably beauty. the flower has been a symbol of

grace in china. ancient chinese poets once compared peony with the beautiful and

elegant ladies and thought the two were equally pleasant to the eye.

luoyang has a long history of planting peony. peony growing began to

prevail in the region in the ancient sui dynasty, over one thousand years ago.

in the tang dynasty, many famous gardens for peony were built and peony was

planted on a massive scale. luoyang became the country's peony cultivation and

trade center in the song dynasty. luoyang peony is international famous for the

peony. luoyang's unique climate is well suited to its peony growing culture.

luoyang is located in the temperate zone with favorable and humid climate all

year around.

luoyang peony is well-known for its big flowers and many varieties. each

year, in late spring when the peonies are in full blossom, thousands of visitors

swarm to the city to enjoy the stunningly beautiful flowers. the international

peony festival held here annually adds even more fame to luoyang's peony.

这座墓的南北墓道中均有大量的实用葬车。而且车辆形制多样，装饰各异，均为拆车葬。目前在南墓道内已发现多种车40辆，在北墓道5辆。这些车绝大多数都有棕红色的漆。

综观中字大墓不计陪葬坑3号车马坑中的葬车，墓道中车辆总数45辆，车辆之多在我国目前已发掘墓葬中为最多。是难得一见的春秋车辆奇观。难能可贵的是在这些车辆中发现了象牙龙饰车、青铜饰车、骨雕车、象牙饰车、楼车、漆绘花纹车等珍贵车辆，多属全国首次发现，完全与《周礼.春官.巾车》中所记载“王之五路”相对应。这些车辆是目前发掘中所发现的最高级别、最为考究的郑国车辆。

郑国国君为伯爵，按周代礼制，其国君埋葬不能用墓道，但这座墓葬既有宽大的南北墓道，墓道葬车中又有宽大的车辆，与郑国诸候国的地位不相对应，反映的是这位国君已经“僭越”不服周礼的客观现象。如果把它的陪葬坑3号与2号车马坑内的葬车数量加在一起，其车辆总数可能超过百辆，这对于当时号称“千乘之国”的郑国来说，无疑是太奢侈了。但从另一侧面说明了此国君在位时可能也是郑国比较强盛时期。在此墓东侧约7米的地方最近发现1座总长25米的甲字形大墓，是发现的郑国墓中第二座带墓道大墓，可能是此国君夫人墓。

另外，考古发现这里是韩国的铸铁遗址，韩灭郑后在都城内兴建的大型官营作坊，在此大挖大烧郑主墓破其风水的历史场景，刻意体现了改朝换代后韩人惧怕郑人复国。在此墓的南边，有一些韩国残疾人和小孩的墓葬。

出租方（甲方）：______

承租方（乙方）：______

根据国家有关法律、法规和本市有关规定，甲乙双方在自愿、平等、互利的基础上，就甲方将其房屋出租给乙方使用，乙方承租使用甲方房屋事宜，订立本合同。

一、房屋的座落、面积

1、甲方将座落在______出租给乙方使用。

2、甲方出租给乙方使用的该房屋建筑面积共220平方米（含已封阳台面积）。

二、租赁用途

1、乙方向甲方承诺，租赁该房屋享有使用权，乙方只作办公室。

2、在租赁期限内，未事前征得甲方的书面同意，乙方不得擅自改变该房屋的使用用途。

三、租赁期限

1、该房屋租赁期为______年。自______年______月______日起至______年______月______日止。

2、租赁期满，甲方有权收回全部出租房屋，乙方应如期交还。乙方如要求续租，则必须在租赁期满前的______天内向甲方提出书面意向，双方可以协商后重新签订新的租赁合同。

四、租金及支付方式

1、该房屋的年租金为______元整。（大写：______元整。）

2、租金按______个月为壹期支付，第一期租金共计______元（大写：______元整。 ）应于______年______月______日前付清，以后的租金应于每期提前5天支付，先付后住。

3、租金以现金方式支付，由乙方代甲方在税务局代开税务发票并承担税金及费用。

五、其它条款

1、甲、乙双方要签署本合同时，具有完全民事行为能力，对各自的权利、义务、责任清楚明白，并愿按合同规定严格执行，如一方违反本合同，另一方有权按本合同规定索赔。

2、本合同未尽事宜，经双方协商一致可订立补充条款，本合同及其补充条款和附件（设备清单）内空格部分填写的文字与铅印文字具有同等效力。

3、本合同共有贰页，壹式两份，其中：甲、乙双方各执壹份，均有同等效力。签字即生效。

甲方（公章）：_________

乙方（公章）：_________

法定代表人（签字）：_________

法定代表人（签字）：_________

_________年____月____日

_________年____月____日

我和爸爸今天的旅行计划是到洛阳的龙门石窟和少林寺。对今天的计划还是挺期待的，不过早上很早(大概是7点)就要到集合地点集合… …我表示我没有睡醒… …

我们首先坐车到洛阳。在车上，导游给我们讲了洛阳一个有趣的小故事：“洛阳有一个县级市叫做登封。登封原不叫登封，叫做“嵩阳”。当年女皇武则天登基，要举行“封禅大典”。为了表示与其他男皇帝不同，她没有同他们一样到东岳泰山举行，而是在中岳嵩山举行。“封禅大典”是“登基大典”中的一项内容，于是，后人就把嵩阳改名为“登封”，一直沿用到现在。

听说，洛阳还有一道名菜与女皇有关。那就是大名鼎鼎的“洛阳水席”。水席有24道菜，而这正是武则天的执政时间长度!

听着故事，不知不觉我们就来到了第一站——少林寺。

从门口看上去很是气派，但没有一点佛家寺院的清净。我第一眼看到它就没有太好的印象。在之后的过程中，我这一印象也没有改变。原本的寺院应该有僧人在清净修法，安心学习。我觉得这里被商业化了。佛家圣地，却变成了敛财的地方。看起来有些僧人没有了佛门弟子的心平气和!宣传少林寺是很好的，但我希望少林寺能回归到原来的样子。

除上那些商业化的气氛外，我觉得少林寺还是有一些地方让我印象颇深。比如，有一景，是一棵日本女贞树缠绕在中国柏树上。导游说，女贞树在少林寺待了没多久就有枯萎的迹象，于是心地善良的和尚把它移植到柏树旁边，让它缠绕柏树，得以存活。世人对它们的解释有两种。一种是：日本中国能友好相处;二种是：日本只有依附中国才能生存。我宁愿相信后者!

印象深的还有一棵老树，它是在寺院建立就种下的，历经战火,距今已有一千多年历史，好沧桑呀!少林寺的建筑挺好看的!

参观完少林寺，我们紧接着去了龙门石窟。龙门原不叫龙门，而被称为“伊阙”。它分东山石窟和西山石窟。因为时间的关系，我们团选择了较为精彩的西山石窟。

龙门石窟也有关于它的小故事呢!很多国内外的重量级人物都来过龙门，但毛主席却没有来过。因为在当时，毛主席被称为是中国的“太阳”，而石窟所在地名为“洛阳”，谐音“落阳”。所以毛主席当然不会来了。就当是坊间传说罢了。

在参观中,我印象最深的是卢舍那大佛。大家都说它是依照女皇武则天而修,我觉得，这应该是真的。只见大佛嘴角微微上翘，神情祥和威严。但他的眼睛是闭上的，为什么不睁开呢?听导游说，之所以这样是因为，如果把佛的眼睛雕刻出来的话，会发现他其实是一个盲人，所以闭上，也显得更安静。我不明白为什么，不过，我觉得这样挺好的。

龙门石窟里有特色的还有“宾阳三洞”“摩崖三佛”。个个都雕工精美。龙门石窟里还有“万佛洞”，里面的佛像有上万个之多,数量占了整个石窟内的十分之一。

之后，我和爸爸离团乘坐高铁去西安，结束了我们的河南之旅!

1)、直齿圆柱齿轮、斜齿圆柱齿轮、直齿锥齿轮、弧齿锥齿轮，渐开线花键和矩形花键。

加工范围为：Dmaxx1250m15，精度6级，可对Dmax×800m16齿轮进行磨齿加工。

2)、压路机系列变速箱总成，收割机变速箱总成，铣刨机变速箱总成，液压挖掘机变速箱总成，装载机变速箱总成及140、145、153差减总成及桥。

9月24日下午：一拖汇德工装有限公司

一拖汇德工装有限公司前身是一拖工装处。分为刀刃部：生产刀具;测控部：生产量具;非标准部：生产夹具;热工部：生产备料。工装制造厂拥有各类普通机械加工设备一千余台，并拥有自瑞士、德国、日本、意大利等国引进的数控座标镗、数控铣、慢走丝线切割、数控座标磨、高精度内、外圆磨、工具磨、螺丝磨等先进的制造设备，各种高精检测设备及热处理设备。

9月25日下午：一拖第二铸造厂

造型工部引进德国KW公司静压造型线，该线是目前国内最大的铸铁件潮模砂生产线，具有九十年代国际先进水平;砂处理工部引进德国KN公司混砂机、冷却器、水分自动控制等主要设备;熔化工部引进美国无芯变频感应电炉，与冲天炉实现双联熔炼;制芯工部引进德国冷芯盒制芯机，同时安装了一条国产呋喃树脂自硬砂坭芯生产线。拥有英国的电子金相显微镜、美国的直读光谱仪，德国的三坐标划线仪检测仪器，工装模具设计和制造全部应用CAD/CAE技术。产品除与中国一拖的产品实现配套外，柴油机四、六缸缸体，汽车及柴油机其它零部件还与国内几家知名汽车生产商、柴油机生产厂实现了配套。

砂型铸造的工艺流程：特点：一般不受零件大小、形状、复杂程度的限制，造型材料来源广，成本较低，使用广泛。按制模材料分干砂型，湿砂型，水玻璃砂型，树脂砂型，自硬砂型。工艺分析(1.工艺参数2.砂芯设计)----制砂芯、制砂模----熔炼----浇注----出箱----清理----补焊----热处理----清整----成品

9月26日上午：一拖热处理厂

热处理厂在对各种成品零件的渗碳、渗氮、碳氮共渗、感应淬火、调质、正火、退火等热处理工序生产上以及表面氧化、磷化、电镀等处理工艺方面均具有国际先进水平的曲轴质量定心机。

设备有双排炉,主要用于渗碳、淬火，辅助材料甲醇是种渗碳剂，丙酮为一种保护气体;喷丸机主要用来提高零件表面压应力和改善产品表面质量;校直机，主要用来校正零件因热处理和喷丸时产生的变形。

热处理工艺流程：

(一)煤气加热气体渗碳炉

淬火介质：汽油

预热温度：900℃渗碳温度：920℃强渗温度：920℃扩散温度：900℃

(二)电加热气体渗碳炉

丙烷+保护气体

淬火介质：汽油

淬火后200℃低温回火

采用淬火后边加压边冷却方式防止变形

保护气氛：甲醇和丙酮

低压校正机：减少变形

抛丸机：改善工件表面外观，提高表面硬度。

原料气体：CO甲烷氮气

制取工艺流程：丙烷和空气→混和气加压→在1000℃以上发生反应→快速冷却→检验成分合格后送入渗碳炉中作保护气氛。

通过渗碳提高工件表面硬度→得到硬而脆的马氏体

(1)充分考虑热处理变形因素，留有加工余量。(2)避免设计尖角以免热处理时产生变形。(3)设计零件时要尽量对称。(4)开孔要离开零件的边缘。(5)生产前要进行工艺验证，先小批量生产以检验工艺，做出合理修正，避免大量生产已减少不必要的损失。

9月27日上午：一拖精密铸造厂

该厂主要采用熔模铸造法生产，熔模铸造的工艺流程如下：制作母模——制作压型——制作蜡模——制作型壳——脱蜡——焙烧和造型——浇注——脱壳。

老君山，位于洛阳市西南方约150公里处，是伏牛山脉的主峰，相传是道教始祖李耳(著名的“老子”)的归隐修炼之地，北魏时在山中建庙纪念，唐贞观年间(公元627-649年)受到皇封，修建“铁顶老君庙”，明万历十九年(公元1591年)颁赐老君山道经诏谕，封为“天下名山”。从洛阳的锦远汽车站(也就是长途汽车站)，乘坐开往栾川县城的班车，在“老君山路口”下车后，再换乘当地的摩的，就可以到达景区售票处了。

老君山是伏牛山国家地质公园的核心景区之一，记录了十九亿年前造山等地质构造的演变过程，山中具有独特的“滑脱峰林”地貌、壮观的石林景区等景观群，非常震撼心灵。山中树木茂盛，风景如画，处处都能看到山泉从山石缝隙中溢出，在郁郁葱葱的山林中隐藏着十几处瀑布，清澈的激流从数十米高的崖顶跌落下来。雨后的老君山，云雾环绕在各个山峰中，如果你去山顶，还有机会观赏到极美的云海和日出。

老君山风景区面积庞大，主要分为居中的老君山主景区、西部的追梦谷景区和东部的寨沟景区。一般游客会用一天的时间游玩居中的老君山主景区，这也是整个老君山风景区开放最为完善的区域。老君山主景区内包括了中天门、金顶、老君庙、南天门、玉皇顶以及马鬃岭等主要景点。老君庙自北魏始建以来，就是中原香客朝拜的中心;玉皇顶的道观中供奉着玉皇大帝，这里也是山中观景的绝佳地;金顶和马鬃岭则是观看日出和云海的好地方。

行程推荐：

一日游

用一天的时间，游玩老君山的主景区，是大多数游客的选择。大致线路：

灵观殿-山脚下的老君像-淋醋殿-中天门-林荫步道-卧云松-菩萨殿-老君庙、金顶-玉皇顶，然后原路返回。

游客可以根据自身的情况，选择全程步行或者“步行+索道”的方式游玩老君山。在山下的灵观殿与山腰的中天门之间，有景区的中灵索道;在中天门之上的卧云松与山顶的玉皇顶附近有景区的中天索道。

大部分游客会选择乘坐第一阶段的中灵索道，然后从中天门步行登上山顶的玉皇顶，中天门至山顶的道路不是很陡峭，一般在一个小时左右可以走完。

二日游

如果你时间充裕，可以用两天的时间游玩老君山，大致线路：

D1：游览老君山主景区，当晚住宿在山中。

D2：从老君山山顶，选择西面的追梦谷或者东边的寨沟景区下山，分别到达景区的西大门和东大门。

老君山主景区内，在山腰的中天门和山顶老君庙附近都可以住宿，中天门附近有宾馆，住宿条件比较好，老君庙周边住宿条件比较差。如果你是准备第二天清晨去山顶看日出，那么你可以住宿在老君庙周边。

追梦谷相比较东边的寨沟景区，山中道路更加的平缓一些，游客可以根据自身喜欢选择其中一个下山。

整个景区有多处可以为游客提供餐饮服务，但景区内部分路段指示牌目前还不是很完善，游客游玩时需要多留心。

洛阳博物馆，位于洛阳新区，比邻隋唐城遗址植物园。博物馆目前免费对公众开放，游客在大门领票处领取参观券后，进入馆内参观。博物馆与主楼和辅楼组成，游客参观的主要是主楼内的展品。在主楼一层的入口处有电子浏览机，介绍了一些镇馆之宝，可以先浏览一下了解大概。

博物馆主楼共两层，一楼一般是通展，二楼是博物馆的精品展，博物馆的专题宫廷文化展也位于二楼，虽然一楼是通展，但展览的文物也会让你大为赞叹，洛阳作为十三朝古都的独特地位，馆藏文物中自然不乏国宝级稀世珍宝。当你进入主楼游览时，可以从一楼的基本陈列《河洛文明》起步，从这里开始回眸洛阳千年古都文明变迁的历程，再前往二楼的《精品陈列展》和宫廷文化展等专题展览参观。

在洛阳博物馆内，你可以看到有着“中国第一爵”之称的夏代的青铜酒器“乳钉纹铜爵”，它虽然其貌不扬，然而它却是我国目前发现的年代最早的青铜酒器;战国时期的“错金银铜鼎”，这件青铜鼎以金银作为装饰，使用了鎏金、错金银等工艺，嵌金银对称和谐，装饰华丽;北魏时期的“泥塑人面像”，这座佛像虽然因为大火，原有的彩绘也损失殆尽，但这些却丝毫没有影响她的美丽;而唐代的三彩灯和三彩马，色彩鲜艳，造型独特，三彩灯的外形吸收了佛教艺术的内涵，三彩马在造型上遵循着“圆方圆”的传统构成法则，体现了唐帝国奔放向上的风范。

除了本地出土的文物外，洛阳博物馆还接受了一批故宫博物院调拨的珍品，所以你在这里还能观赏到来自故宫的藏品，如：尼泊尔风格的“鎏金铜观音”，这座佛像高越1米，体形较大而且坐姿较为罕见;还有“银鎏金宗喀巴造像”，造像的铸造、鎏金、錾刻、镶嵌等工艺都很精湛，材质又选用珍贵的黄金和白银，是清代皇室礼佛的佛像。

博物馆藏品的陈列位置有时会做调整，具体位置可现场咨询工作人员。游客还可以在博物馆的一楼租借讲解器或者聘请讲解员。讲解器(中英文)租金20元(3小时使用时限，每超过一小时，加收10元)，押金300元;讲解员费用：20元/层(20人以内)。

看过"洛阳博物馆导游词"的还看了:

洛阳丽景门被赞誉为中原第一楼，有诗曰“丽景城楼世无双”，是洛阳古城历史文化最具特色的标志，被评为洛阳市新八大景之一。丽景门再现了古都洛阳的风貌，其规模之宏大在河南古建筑中堪居首位。如今，重新规划后的城门楼结合老街等，形成洛阳唯一一处集吃、住、行、游、购、娱于一体的旅游景区。可以说，不到丽景门，枉来洛阳城。

景点分布：

丽景门座落在老城中心，倚护城河。景区由城门楼、瓮城、箭楼、城墙、丽景桥和护城河等部分组成，城门楼上设有天后宫、九龙殿、贤良庙、观音阁、城隍庙等大型号宫殿，城内是云集老字号商铺的文化街。许多博物馆、艺术馆等，也在丽景门周围。

景区特色：

休闲、访古、朝拜、购物、美食、城市地标、古建筑、文化街、宗教

龙门石窟以伊河为界，分为西山和东山石窟两部分，西山石窟开凿于北朝和隋唐时期，东山石窟全部开凿于唐代，西山石窟是龙门最精华的部分，其中包括奉先寺的卢舍那佛像和古阳洞中的“龙门二十品”。

西山石窟中的奉先寺，是龙门石窟规模最大、艺术最为精湛的一组摩崖型群雕，寺内中间的卢舍那佛像，据说是按照女皇武则天的形象塑造的，这也是石窟中最受游人喜欢、知名度最高的佛像。

龙门二十品，是指从北魏时期精选出不同的二十块造像题记，它们记载着佛龛的雕凿时间、人物、目的等。字型端正大方、气势刚健质朴，结体、用笔在汉隶和唐楷之间，堪称书法奇珍。古阳洞中保留了“龙门二十品”中的十九品(另一品在慈香窑中)。

龙门石窟东山的香山寺，是武则天时代为安置印度高僧“地婆诃罗”的遗身，而建立的一座佛教寺院。唐代大诗人白居易，生前经常来此游玩。白居易去世后，根据他的遗嘱，将他葬于香山寺以北，这就是今日的白园(白居易墓园)。

游览龙门石窟，一般步行即可，线路多为：景区大门-西山石窟-东山石窟-香山寺-白园。在每年的4-10月期间，游客还可以夜游石窟，在如梦如幻的灯光衬托下，万尊佛像更显气象万千(夜游只开放西山石窟和香山寺)。

如今，洛阳正借助国家实施西部大开发的强劲东风，抓住这一难得的机遇，实施东引西进战略，加快发展步伐---撤销郊区，调整区划，拉大城市框架;配合创建国家优秀旅游城市和文明城市，大搞基础建设和内外部环境整治;提出大旅游发展战略，对龙门石窟、白马寺、关林庙三大景点的周边环境进行治理;做出为龙门石窟申报世界文化遗产负重加压，背水一战的果断决策，经过不懈努力，获得圆满在功;建设洛浦公园，营造优美环境，再现当年洛浦秋风胜景。

朋友们，洛阳市委、市政府这些举措，将随着时间的推移，以其良好的社会效益和经济效益，日益明显的表现出来。这是一个良好开端。相信不久的将来，洛阳定会以崭新的姿态让世人刮目相看，洛阳的明天会更加辉煌!

我的介绍完了，预祝朋友们今后几天的洛阳之旅愉快!

龙门石窟可谓西山著名的风景名胜。它位于西山风景区终端，北起三清阁，南至达天阁，是云南最大、最精美的道教石窟。“龙门胜景”以“奇、绝、险、幽”为特色，雄居昆明西山众多的名胜之首，在国内外享有很高的知名度，大凡到昆明的游客都会来此游览。故有“不耍西山等于不到昆明，不到龙门只是白跑一趟西山”之说。

龙门石窟开凿于公元1781年至1853年，历时72年，由吴来清、杨汝兰、杨际泰三人分三阶段组织众多石匠开凿。

这条石窟，是沿悬崖绝壁由人工一锤一凿完成。它包括石刻、平台、龙门石坊、石室、楹联、神像、天棚、室壁、神案、香炉、烛台、供品等。其结构布局优美，刻工精细，室内的魁星、文昌、关圣皆就石岩凿成，巧夺天工。登上龙门，在入口处有一圆柱石坊，上书“龙门”二字，并刻有“元宝”，据说能保佑人发财发达，吉祥如意，所以游人都喜欢用手摸一下。入门有一石栏转护的半圆形小月台，站在月台眺望，人见上迎天风，下临绝壁，五百里滇池烟波浩渺，云蒸霞蔚。湖面白帆点点，鸥飞燕舞。

看过"洛阳龙门石窟导游词"的还看了:

星期天，天气特别晴朗，真的是阳光明媚，万里无云。爸爸妈妈带我到西工，参观了洛阳周王城的“天子驾六”博物馆。那里的人很多，真是摩肩接踵、川流不息。博物馆内外的装修非常精致宏伟。讲解员给我们介绍了详细的情况，我认真地听并作好了重点笔记。

周王城遗址距今已有两千多年的历史，不仅有车马坑，还出土了大量的稀世珍宝。进到博物馆里，首先进入眼帘的是一个约2米高的架子，架子上挂满了形似头盔用青铜做的东西。“这是一种能发出悦耳的声音，俗称‘编钟’的打击乐器。”讲解员说，“这充分反映了当时劳动人民的伟大创造力、聪明和才智。”

“下面就是我们要重点参观的车马坑，它是洛阳在拟建河洛文化广场时发现的。当时发掘了18座车马坑，这里是一座面积最大的车马坑，南北长42.6米，东西宽7.4米。车子是纵向东西两列摆放，头南尾北。”随着讲解员阿姨的指引，我们又走进了车马坑展厅。只见一个长方形的墓地里，两列车队从北往南整齐的排列着平躺的马车，虽经千年尘封，马的尸骨、车的架子还是挺完整的，而且还保持着当时掩埋时的样子。我仔细看了一下，马匹数还不一样，有两匹马的，四匹马的，还有六匹马的，这是为什么呢?听了讲解员阿姨的讲解我知道：古人以马匹的数量来鉴别人的地位，驾两匹马的是士，驾四匹马的是诸侯、卿大夫，驾六匹马的是天子。车马坑的发现，首次以实物证实了“天子出行，驾六马”的古代典籍记载。

临近参观结束，我又站在车马坑栏杆边向下望去，啊!好壮观的天子马车呀!那马的全身骨骼和车轮都历历在目，我好像又听到了车轮滚过的隆隆声和马匹地嘶鸣声，脑海中仿佛又出现了当时那生动壮观的历史景观……。它的发掘为河洛文化又增添了光辉的一页。

通过参观，使我开阔了眼界，增长了科学知识，也培育了我的爱国之心，激发了我的报国之志。在爸爸妈妈的督促下，我才恋恋不舍地离开了博物馆。

Originally the peony is Chinas famous traditional flowers, wild plants,and thorns, mainly from the qinghai-tibet plateau in China, the Yellow Riverbasin, bashan qinling of zhongtiao mountains, shanxi, henan, funiu and MangShanand other regions, the original peony community can be traced back to 3000 yearsago.

In luoyang peony cultivation, according to historical records: began in suiand sheng in the tang dynasty. "Name of guilin" in northern song dynasty period"SuiZhi · plain question" in a "qingming festival times 5, peony China". Sincesui, peony on the basis of folk culture, begin to enter the royal garden, becomea pet palace. In 604 AD, emperor yangdi capital luoyang company, monarch xiyuanweeks in 200, a variety of royal peony peony became the first in the history ofChinese. When tang and song dynasty, luoyang has been in the capital, capitalposition, cultivation, ornamental peony FengRi sheng. The tang dynasty poet baijuyis "flower bloom 20, if people are crazy" of a city is true portraiture ofthe situation at that time. Royal today, temples garden, private garden, withthe song dynasty neo-confucianism shao yung has written "festival only twoworld, the world famous heavy luoyang" of a sentence, can want to at that time,the luoyang garden house, the flower of the spectacular. Each to bloom "emperorcity spring sunset, cry cry chariots and horses, a total of the peony, hand tobuy flowers." Become a beautiful landscape city of luoyang. Poet liu yuxi "butthe peony true national color, the blossoms to move the capital" and the songdynasty scholar sima guang "luoyang spring the most prosperous, red and greenamong 10 m, who is the flower, like the splendid, people will be splendid studygroup spent." All paint luoyang people eat during tang and song dynastiesfrenzy.

All is Chinas famous hundreds of flowers, long, enlisted qunfang, but onlythe peony high grade. It flowers gigantic, wide variety, the myriad of femininebeauty, crown recalled. Concept of "ancient and modern florilegium, more than360 kinds of beauties, none but with peony comparison. Therefore, known as" theking of flowers ". And the luoyang is located in the central plains, mildclimate, rainfall is moderate, suitable for the growth of peony. The songdynasty writer ouyang xiu in luoyang high rank, he enjoyed the luoyang places ofinterest, have a special liking to the luoyang peony, author of "luoyang peony".His "luoyang ley spent the most appropriate, particularly heaven" peony versesays the luoyang peony growing advantageous natural conditions.

It is said that long time ago, wild peony on MangShan people not expensive,often cut the wood, a young very pity, transplanting it hospital, elaboratecare. In a handkerchief, embroidered peony flowers. The young man wondered, wasabout to ask girls suddenly disappeared. XiuPa, but see a top have a poem: "nameof luoyang, Mang range for my home. Are you feeling heavy, spring to see thewonderful work." In the second year spring, the youth was certainly richgorgeous peony trapped in the home, graceful, from then on he would make aliving by planting peony, family became more and more abundant. Point of view,the legendary the epigenetic the luoyang is the earliest "peony growingexpert".

Since the tang dynasty, thousands of years, made a number of cultivation ofluoyang peony skillful craftsman. Liuzhou, record the recorded: "song singleparent, word ZhongRu, poetry, good plant. All peony one thousand kinds, red andwhite color, people do not know its operation,d called to mount li (li) plantten thousand copies, individual color, give daughter, imperial secretary calldivision for flowers." All previous dynasties scholars intone the luoyang peonyflow spit relapsed, KuangDai unique appearance of verse. Tang wang also reallywrite the luoyang peony, "peony enchanting disorderly, a country such as crazydo." Great poet bai juyi wrote in a poem "flowers", "ten households in a clumpof dark flower, fu", "fan of every acquisition for customs, all in one", thepoem says the luoyang peonys precious and peoples love of the peony. It issaid that tang tai years, spring, on the day of li han Leon, the temple to watchthe peony, asked the painter Cheng Xiu f: "sung today Beijing city peony poems,who headed?" Cheng answer: "in the book scheeren lee cloud: freed national colorto the wine, day sweet night dyed garments." Leon listen to praise, he said theluoyang peony "amusement", so the peony has the reputation of "amusement".

Thousands of years, luoyang peony beautiful, various, gorgeous andcharming. Ouyang xius "guest said recent years old take specific, often conjureup a hydraulic-powered tree-trimmers" speaks the truth. In the history of shengpeony varieties of up to 119 a. Now has more than 500 varieties, in a nutshell,can be divided into three, nine, ten. Three categories, namely, single head,start and mixed type. This is according to the classification in the number offlowers, flower for single headdress flower, flower for double flowers, threefor three peony flowers. Nine color is red, pink, purple, blue, yellow, white,green design and color, such as this are classified according to the color ofthe peony. Ten type mainly based on what the luoyang peony petals, size, flowerarrangement and the morphological characteristics of classification. In the 19thcentury, British scholar evolution Darwin in his masterpiece "on the origin ofspecies" quoted ecological variation of luoyang peony, as proof of his theory of"evolution". The song dynasty, luoyang yao yao peoples yellow and developingthe erros of prime minister Wei Renbo home Wei Zi known as kao, flower afterrespectively. "Yao yellow one, and the brilliant breath is like cutting".Candidates.if your years, luoyang has pressed the song god yao yellow flower,flower large feet 2 inches, he excited, regardless of the reigns of hisidentity, and placed it over his head, visible, the emperors obsession in thepeony, and from then on famously.

Since the tang and song dynasty, many bookman at a magnificently for peonypoem writing, form a plethora of peony culture, and deduces many myths andlegends about peony, soft smell things.

Legend, lunar month two years should, xiking changan heavy snow, wu zetiandrinking poetry, on an impulse drunk pen write fen book: "swim Ming dynastygarden, rushing harbinger, stamen overnight, mo monring winds to blow." Flowersnot this life, open overnight, peony not violations in season alone, shut thecore. Wu zetian rage, peony fall out of changan, sent in luoyang, and to thestake. Peony has been the rule, the body such as coke; But branch do not comeloose, standing still in the freezing cold, next year when the spring breezeblow, more brilliant flowers, known as "focal bone peony".

Another legend of peony, it is tang clear huang lung-chi lee kai jadebracelet ChenXiangTing vigil changan palace, the "harem of three thousandpeople, three thousand pet in a" your princess, hearing the luoyang peony hasbeen in full bloom, and the wood in the JinYuan peony is at the end of the bud,then make the imperial secretary drum rush, flowers are still does not open, shewas in a rage, will all fall to luoyang peony. Luoyang peony in Tokyo, in aflash, bright flowers branches, blooming together. In fact, with scientificattitude, xi an and luoyang on the same latitude line, but the temperature andhumidity are slightly lower than luoyang, luoyang, west across the mountains,and in the MangShan Yang, the chang an early spring. Therefore, generation by LiBaiyou "qingping tune" word "taken two phase huan pour countries, often have theKings grinned see, explain the infinite hate, dongfeng ChenXiangTing north leanon a railing" flea in jade bracelet, is the imperial concubine bear a grudge,derogatory generation by hyperbole, lifelong grief may not be thevolunteers.

These legends show peony jubilant, unwavering in style, it is also theclank iron character of the Chinese nation and integrity.

Since luoyang peony enjoys a good reputation at home and abroad, to buy anendless stream, sui and tang dynasties frequent exchanges between China andJapan, luoyang peony spread to Japan, the Japanese peoples distribution ofwealth. Neighbor north Korea, South Korea is also widely cultivated in China,then, the americas, Europe, many countries have successively introduced, calledthe luoyang peony flower "China" or "flower days god". Soldiers in song dynasty,the central plains, luoyang today, peony cultivation, breeding and subsequentlyfails, moved to the southern city of hangzhou. Jing and bright state, tsaochowpeople since the law transplant peony, become the new peony resort. Sichuan daypeng are luoyang peony famous plant, jiangsu yancheng, since then, luoyang peonythroughout China. After the founding of new China, due to the experienced thevicissitudes of life, luoyang peony only more than 30 varieties. In the autumnof 1959, prime minister Zhou Si to luoyang tractor factory, and specificallyabout the situation of the luoyang peony. Premier zhous concern caused theluoyang city government attaches great importance to, quickly return to expandacreage, one after another in the city park, the peony park; Xiyuan, can garden,open up the peony viewing area, and the new mail mountain national color peony,los pu park formed ten kilometers peony promenade, and built one thousand mu ofpeony gene pool; The peony as the city flower of luoyang NPC standing committeeand was started in 1983 the annual peony show. From then on, the peonyeverywhere, every family, every day, to more than 500 peony varietiesdevelopment. Yellow flowers every year, yao, Wei Zi, tsing lung lie the inkwell,drunken beauty peony famous brand, such as the charming attitude, see the flowerheads, such as chi, like drunk, like a dream, like magic. Luoyang city park hasset a record of every nearly 300000 people a day. Flower stage, residents rushedto view the city, town. Is: "watching flowers peony, everything all forget sinceI dont know."

With the peony show set each other off becomes an interest is luoyang peonyLantern Festival. Luoyang colored, gu sui, tang, more than 1000 years, hasbecome a big people festival festival custom. In recent years, luoyang lanternsexcellent reputation, become one of the three big Lantern Festival in China. Dayto watch the peony night view of light, the annual peony show to a climax. PeonyLantern Festival every year, thousands of dye flow xia tao drunk all over thesky stars, wanjiadenghuo shook silent night sky. Such as lights, such as poetry.Painting colorful, make you dont know is oneself or human fairyland. More it isworth mentioning, winter 1994, national campaign "national flower" leadershipteam through the press candidates spent solution is: a country - the peonyflower. At this point, an early nine dynasties rong snow clothe with silver, andluoyang refractory research institute a peony flower bed is a proud timely snowin full bloom, people sell, all without exception. Xinhua news agency and otherdozens of news media scramble to report, exclaim, "national flower spread goodnews, the peony should know the snow laugh" wonders in one hundred.

In recent years, luoyang peony not only out of the country, but also soldto Japan, the United States, France, Singapore and other countries and HongKong, Macao and Chinese Taiwan regions, the end of the peony "can see cant buy"history. Peony have also made a series of scientific research achievements, thetechnology has the new breakthrough, basically achieved the "flowers bloom aswell, spring to autumn to irrelevant", which laid a foundation for furtherdevelopment of luoyang peony.

Poets in lee ge fei has: "the world of governing revolution, hou to riseand fall of luoyang, rise and fall of luoyang, hou xing in garden waste."Temporal change, things change, all without exception shows people with aphilosophy: goodsky flower glory. Today, our country is coruscate gives newvitality, the peony like rosy clouds in the east, adorn the expeditions of theearth. Peony, this eternal soul, telling us hard to think of the Chinese nationas an epic. Luoyang, luoyang peony to dress for the peony. The peony and theancient capital of blame. Song times flowers, flower pregnant vitality; Luoyangpeony is out of the country, go to the world of tie and bridge, peony, is theancient capital of aesthetic badge, it will accompany the onward march ofluoyang, towards a new brilliance.

各位游客：大家好!欢迎大家来到洛阳，我是这次洛阳之行的蔡导游，今天我将带大家一起去游览龙门石窟。

龙门石窟位于洛阳市南郊的龙门山出口处，距市区12.5公里，它和敦煌莫高窟，大同云冈石窟共同组成著名的三大石窟。

龙门石窟地处伊河两岸，从北魏太和十九年开凿，距今1500多年。伊河两岸的山都是石灰岩，石质坚硬，结构紧密，不宜风化和大面积脱裂，适合艺术造像，利于保存。石窟的大大小小佛龛，石像沿伊水两岸排列在龙门东西两山的崖壁上，南北长1公里。

各位朋友，我们今天在这里大约参观2小时，龙门石窟现存窟龛2100多个，大小造像10万余尊，佛塔40余座，造像题记碑文约2870多块，最大的卢舍大佛高17.14米，有六层楼高。最小的佛像仅2厘米，和指甲一样大。一个个佛像造型精美，线条流畅，形神兼备，栩栩如生，千姿百态，无一雷同。有的坐在莲花宝座上，有的面带微笑导游词，有的怒目圆睁导游词、脚踏夜叉。

游客朋友们，我先介绍到这里，大家自由活动，多拍几张照片留作纪念，但请大家一定要注意安全，照顾好老人和小孩，11点30分我们在这里集合，祝大家玩的愉快!

hello everyone! Here is to introduce Luoyang Shenzhou peony garden!

Shenzhou peony garden is located on the opposite side of Baima temple, the

source of Buddhism in China. It covers an area of more than 600 mu with a total

investment of 1. 200 million yuan. "The magical holy land of China, the flower

country, the flower sea and the flower reflecting the sky". Shenzhou peony

garden, as the only special garden for peony, not only enables you to see the

magnificent national flower peony every day, but also enables you to really

understand the internal relationship between peony and social politics, economy,

culture, science and technology and the development of the Chinese nation. At

the same time, with her unique charm, she once again confirmed the eternal

historical philosophy of "the prosperity of the country is accompanied by the

prosperity of flowers, and the prosperity of peace and prosperity is accompanied

by peony".

There are five scenic spots in the park: peony culture zone of Tang Dynasty

architecture, which systematically shows you the glorious history of peony

development and the historical origin of "Luoyang peony is the best in the

world"; four season peony exhibition zone of high-tech four season peony, which

blooms every day, makes the dream of "a generation of Queen" come true; Peony

leisure zone of classical landscape garden and the integration of huge Tang

costume actors and employees The performance echoes each other from afar, as if

accompanying you through a thousand years of historical time and space, and back

to the prosperous Tang Dynasty when "the blooming season moves the capital"; the

peony viewing area with various forms and colors makes you really appreciate the

magnificent style of "flowers like the sea, people like the tide" and "peony is

the only real flower in the world"; the commodity peony comprehensive area makes

it easy for you to buy all kinds of peonies while enjoying flowers Bonsai and

unique peony crafts bring wealth and auspiciousness to relatives and

friends.

惊世巨现，天子驾六;东周瑰宝，举世无双。欢迎大家来参观洛阳周王城天子驾六博物馆。

公元前771年，周平王东迁洛邑。在这块“天中之地”上，东周诸王经营了长达515年的 光辉岁月，留下了影响至今的厚重文化。然而，曾经璀璨的瑰宝，究竟在哪里呢?

在地下沉没了2000多年，一朝惊现的“天子驾六”为您揭开答案。

周王城天子驾六博物馆的创建， “王城、王陵、王器” 的精美展览，为我们目睹那段灿烂的历史，以及新世纪新洛阳开辟了全新的窗口! 博物馆是依托21世纪重大考古发现，“天子驾六”大型车马陪葬坑，原地原址修建的遗址型博物馆。车马坑规模大，车子类型多，摆放整齐，气势宏伟，是当今世界独一无二的“驾六”遗存。 辅助展出的有东周王城概况，首次全面介绍50年考古重大成就;东周王陵的发现与探索，向您展示鲜为人知的王陵秘密;美轮美奂的东周瑰宝，细致体现青铜时代晚期的金属之美……

说了这么多想必大家对天子驾六博物馆十分的向往了，下面呢，我们就来一同走进博物馆内部的第一个大厅。

大家跟我过来，看一幅地图。这幅地图是考古工作者根据考古的结果绘制的。曾经洛阳古代的都城遗址的具体位置。洛阳是一座古老的历史文化名城，漫长的历史长河中，曾有十三个朝代在此建都，时间长达1500多年，一共留下了五个都城遗址。历史学家称之为“五都会洛”。

中心部位与繁体的汉字“亞 ”(亚)很相似，所以考古学者称其为“亚”字型墓。这个墓葬是所有墓葬中规格最高的，也是洛阳发现的唯一一座“亚”字型墓。墓室内发现的青铜器上有铭文“王作宝尊彝”的字样。这个“王作”就是专门为天子所做的器物。根据所出土的器物知道这个墓葬修建于东周初年。那个时候，东周的第一位天子周平王，在位41年，近半个世纪。所以推测这个墓葬的主人很有可能就是东周的第一位天子周平王的墓葬。一般象这样的大墓，在下葬的时候都会有一些陪葬坑。下面呢，我们就来看看洛阳发现的最大一座陪葬坑。

根据周礼的规定，严格按照等级制度，天子用九个鼎。我们常说的“一言九鼎”就是从这来的。天子用九鼎，诸侯七个，士大夫五个，依次下推。

这两个铜马是东周时的手工艺品。

中间的是铜带钩----中国古代的皮带扣;左边的是铜镜，我们现在看到的是镜子的背面，正面被打磨光以后可以照出人的容貌。

刚才看到的是玉璧和玉环及玉龙。古人非常的喜欢美玉，所以呢，古人就将美玉制作成装饰品带在身上。

刚才我们看到的是中国早期的货币。因为把柄是空心的，所以又叫空首布。因为样子和铲子有点像，所以又叫铲币。这就是东周时的钱。

这些是中国古代的车器：左边的是车上的装饰品---铜铃。中间长的是毂，旁边的是车軎(卫)。他们放在一起使用，保护车轴不至于脱落。右边的是马车上的连接器。因为古代的马车都是木制结构，所以这些都是用在马车的关键部分。

这最后一个展柜里放的都是彩绘的陶器。陶壶，陶鼎和陶豆。分别用来盛酒，盛肉，盛主食的。他们都是在烧制好的陶器上，再绘上颜色的。这样的彩绘陶器一般来说是不易保存的，但他们在地下埋藏了2000多年后，至今依然色彩鲜艳。

这第一个展厅呢，展示的都是东周时期的器物。下面呢，我们到第二个展厅，看看著名的车马坑。

2002年的时候市政府准备在这里修建一个河洛文化广场，考古工作者就来勘探，结果发现了一个墓葬坑，于是就修改了原来的计划，在这修建了一个博物馆。

我们首先看到的这个小马坑，南北宽3.2米，东西长3.6米，在这里一共清理出完整的马骨骼两具。马头朝南，马尾朝北，整齐的摆放着。在当时那个年代，能养的起马，并且用马来陪葬的，只有贵族了。所以专家推测：这个马坑要么是诸侯的陪葬坑，要么是士大夫的陪葬坑。

后面这个大马坑呢，有车有马，两个马坑距离很近，但两个马坑高低位置大小都不同，由此可见，这两个马坑应该不是在同一个时期下葬的墓葬。这个大马坑呢，全长42.6米，宽7.4米，当时共清理出70匹马，26辆车，7只狗和一具人的骨骼。

下面让我们首先看看中国马车的构造

前面横着的是车横，纵着的是车辕，中间的是车厢，这个是车轴，两边的是车轮。中国古代的车呢，都是用木头制作的，包括车轮和车轴。在漫长的岁月里才，这些木头就会慢慢的朽化。在朽化的过程中紧压在木头上的泥土就会慢慢的渗透进去。所以

今天我们看到的这些实际上是木头和土结合在一起的遗迹了。而这些马摆放的十分整齐，专家们就推测，这些马有可能是被麻醉后，或者是用鹅卵石砸死后在按照事先的计划，整齐的摆放在这的。相对与马的整齐有序，在整个马坑内还发现了7只狗的骨骼，但他们都是被紧压在车厢下了，十分的凌乱。所以就推测，这些狗是被活埋的。填土时这些小狗为了躲土就都躲到车厢下了结果全被埋在车厢下了。

在着呢，我们看到的实际上也是一只小狗的骨骼。当时，这只小狗为了逃生，就奋力逃离马坑，再有一步之遥就可以重生了。

但可惜的是还是被人发现，当即用一个大的鹅卵石把它砸死在坑中了。所以我们看到的狗的骨骼就成这样了 。

在我们正前方呢，有两个这样的方坑，这是两个另外的东周墓葬。因为墓葬下葬的时候比较的晚，所以在下葬的时候并不知道有马坑，所以在下葬的时候就对下面的车马坑造成了一定的破坏。

两个墓葬没有发掘，现在都还埋在地下八米深的地方。

西周的时候，人殉的制度还像以前一样很常见。但到了东周呢，随着社会的进步与发展，越来越多的人啊，就开始反对人殉了。所以在中国东周以后的墓葬中很少有人殉了。而这么大的一个车马坑也就只发现了一具人的骨骼。有人猜是车夫，忠实的奴仆，或者就是一个奴隶，但直到今天我们也没有证实他的身份。

我们在这发现的这个圆形车子，他的车厢呢，是圆形的。周围用的是一些软性材料编织的。因此，有专家就认为这很有可能是当时专门为女性修造的。

这座陪葬坑里的马车是主人当年最显赫的交通工具，体现了主人的身份，地位和财富。在当时呢，制作一件器物技术含量最高的就是造车了。由于当时的车型单一，车与车的外观区别不大，那么古人是如何来区别身份的高低呢?在古代的文献中呀，就记载着“天子驾六，诸侯驾四，士驾二”，。那所谓的士驾二呢，就是一般的贵族乘坐两马驾的车，诸侯要乘坐四马驾的车，只有天下的尊主-----周天子才可以乘坐六马驾的车。

在2002年的时候呢，我们在东周王城陵区发现了这个车马陪葬坑，在这里我们可以清楚的看到以车辕为中心，左右对称两马共驾的车子，就是古代文献中记载的“士驾二”了。

这个以车辕为中心，左右对称的一边两马，四马共驾一辆的车子，这是诸侯驾四。

下面我们再来看天子驾六的车子，整个马坑倒数第二辆马车。它以车辕为中心，一边三匹马，六马共驾一辆车，清晰可辨，它就是文献中记载的“天子驾六”了。

这一切呢，都是为了显示天子惟我独尊的显赫地位，而且这座车马陪葬坑的发现，在史学界也有重大意义。因为它论证了古代文献中“天子驾六”学说的正确性，并且为当时的乘驿制度提供的实物资料。仔细观察，我们会发现这个车厢要比其它车厢两边宽出二十公分。

在后面几个车厢里，我们都会看到一些小的骨骼，这就是我们前面讲过的小狗的骨骼了。这些狗当时都是作为狩猎和战争时使用的。而马车呢，是主人生前使用的交通工具，主人把它们放在自己的墓室里就是希望这些车和狗在另外一个世界继续陪伴他们。所以我们眼前看到的这个壮烈的场面就是主人生活出行的队伍了。我们在最后面这个车厢里看到的这个狗的骨骼非常清晰。

在这呢，我们非常清楚的看到整个车马坑的全貌了，非常壮观。它是我国目前唯一的一处原址陈列的博物馆，象这样子两列队伍整齐摆放的形式在全国发现的车马坑中是非常少见的。这两千多年前的遗迹呢，如今已经重新展示在我们面前，它们都是寂了无语的，如果我们瞬间赋予这些车和马生命的话，我们眼前将是周天子出游的时候，威武显赫的车队了。

我们这个博物馆是2002年发现的，2003年10月1日开的馆，它可以说是洛阳市众多博物馆中最年轻的一座。当初开馆之后呢，就吸引了许多观众前来参观，有专家观看后，就称之为“东周瑰宝，举世无双”。这以上呢，就是我们博物馆两个展厅的介绍了。我的讲解部分到此就结束了。两边的墙上还有一些图片，大家随便看看。

大家顺着我手指的方向看，西岸的那座红房子，就是三教圣殿，它建于宋代。三教圣殿里边供奉的便是儒、道、佛三教的开山鼻祖孔子、太上老君、释迦牟尼。像这样把不同教派的祖师爷们请到一起供奉的建筑，在中国实在不多见，每逢初一、十五到此上香的善男信女们络绎不绝。有兴致的朋友游览回来，可以到上面参观浏览。

各位游客，现在在我们右侧出现一条小河叉，由于山势蜿蜒，沟壑纵横，形成九曲十八弯，故名"九曲洞".涧长约1000余米，宽30---50余米，山上有一巨大山石耸立，饶有韵味，它有头有身，形状酷似一位老人，当地人称为"石人仙翁".个位游客，现在我们向右看，在高山顶峰有四块巧石南北对望，南边的一块像一位老妇人端坐椅子上，北边的三块形似三位少年向南下跪，这个景观就是"三娘教子".传说一位叫三娘的妇女，膝下有三个儿子，丈夫张兴老实憨厚，一家五口过着清贫的日子。

有一年久旱无雨，收成很不好，张兴就想去给人家干活挣些钱聊以糊口。一天他看到一富人家门前贴着告示，张兴不知道上边写的是些啥，就让一旁识字的人念给他听，别人念到"家请帮工，立字为凭，无钱、银送，无茶、饭供，干满仨月，一次结清。"张兴一听，就给财主干够了仨月，当他讨要工钱时，财主耍赖不给钱，官司打到县衙，县官和财主串通一气，就把字句的意思全变了，说是当时就说好了干仨月，"无银钱送，无茶饭供",不向你讨要饭钱就足够了，原来这是财主玩的文字把戏，欺穷人不通文墨。张兴又至怀庆告状为赢，一气之下，当即身亡。三娘是个刚烈女子，她决心不论日子怎样苦，都要让孩子读书识字，给穷人争气，为屈死的父亲争气，可是孩子总爱贪玩。一天，三娘把孩子叫到面前令其跪下，给他们讲了其父的死因，又给他们讲了许多刻苦成材的故事，从此，三兄弟发奋读书，终成大才。