骑自行车用英语的三种说法(通用20篇)

I’m very glad to make a speech here! I’d like to tell you something about water saving.

As we know, nearly 75% of the Earth surface is covered with water, But about 97% of this huge amount is sea water or salt water. Man can only drink and use the rest 3%, but most of it has been polluted.

There are more than 400 cities poor with water in China. Millions of people don’t have enough water for drinking, many of them die because of lack of water . There are many big factories in China. They put the dirty and poisonous water in the river, such as the Yellow River, the Chang Jiang River, the Yangtze River and so on. It pollutes the river and makes people have many strange diseases. Many people don’t know how important the water is. They often think: I pay for the water I used, it’s none of others business. How foolish and how selfish the thought is. They don’t turn off the tap when they finish washing their hands in the public toilet because the water is free-paying. Most of the students in the university use big basins of water to wash fruits . Because they have paid a lot for the room fee. Some of the middle school students use the water for drinking to play jokes on others just for fun. But who has thought about our life in the future? Who has thought about the people without water? Who has thought about the future of the world?

Why don’t people know how to save it until we have lost it? Why don’t people know how important the water is until the last drop of water becomes our tears? Let’s save the water, for you, for me , for the future.

Reuse the water which you wash the fruits to clean the toilets. Reuse the water which you wash your face to clean the floor and furniture. Reuse the water which you wash the rice to water the flowers. I think it’s the good way to save water. It not only saves water but also saves money.

The water is just like our blood. To save water is to save our lives. Let’s keep every drop of water, for the people who don’t have enough water for drinking, for ourselves, for our children and children’s children。

Dear professor：

miss requested a letter of reference from me to support her application for graduate studies at your university. as her tutor when she prepared her project design for graduation, i am pleased to comply with her request.

i became acquainted with miss when i met her beautiful writing on her mathematic assignments and i remembered her name at once. when i taught her, she always sat on the left place behind the classroom, then i asked her why, she answered me that she likes to see all corners of classroom with smiles on her face. but i was astonished by her learning ability; she listened to my lesson with her thought, especially when i taught them some emphases and difficulties of the course, she always listened to me earnestly and recorded these difficulties on her note carefully, after class, she came to me and talked about these questions which included some principle of mathematics, i was impressed by her unique views about mathematics which reflected her thought and logic better than other students.

it was worthy to mention her learning ability on mathematics, for example, i didn’t finish my predication logic lesson because of limit time and just simply mentioned the concept, when i checked students’ assignments and found only she gave me prefect answer with deductive ways and her thought was very clear. meanwhile i was gratified by her apperception ability and self-taught ability, she was a girl with nimbus and big potential. besides her apply ability was also very strong. in her junior year, she took part in my teaching reform project which analyzed the result of improving mathematic teaching quality. she was so familiar with the model of mathematics that she suggested that we may choose ahp model instead of normal faintness judge way to carry on quantitative analysis, and i accepted her suggestion and finished together the paper of “arrangement analytical method applies on the classroom interaction teaching effective comment” which will be published in the future.

miss told me that she will apply for finance engineering which is a new field for her. i am glad to recommend this excellent girl who already possessed good quality and strong ability. i therefore lend her my enthusiastic support and would appreciate you favorable consideration of her application.

sincerely yours

尊敬的父亲;

深表歉意在我16岁时您才收到一份来自女儿的生日礼物，愿它温暖这个冬天。

知道这几年你和妈妈没少为我操心受苦，您是默默地在背后付出，可怜天下父母心，转眼间，已经高二了，在你身边的日子正在消减，而我能做的，也只能是好好学习，在一年后给你们一个满意的答复。

很感谢您一直以来对我的信任，尤其是学习方面，在我游手好闲、无所事事时，总是妈妈说我，而你总是默默不作声，我知道，这是您对我最大的信任。

我知道，您在外面辛苦赚钱，省吃俭用，当你和妈妈出去花7元钱洗个澡都觉得奢侈的时候，我心里有种说不出的酸楚与痛苦，其实我常抱怨为什么家庭的物质基础会发生变化，但是当同学羡慕我有一个每天能接送我的爸爸时，我又觉得特自豪，因为这是一笔无价的财富，这种财富是任何都比拟不了的，我感到很幸运，小时候发生的种种事情，因为发生那些可能我现在还是什么都不懂的娇生惯养的人，它让我认识了许多，同时也明白了许多

父爱深沉而凝重，这个主题我不止一次在月考语文作文的答题纸上诠释我，我所表达的远远不止我所感受的。

今天，是您的生日，一条围巾作为对您的小小回报，愿她温暖这个冬天。

我的爸爸，爱您在心口难开。

最后，我知道您一直有一个梦想----大学，请您放心我会怀揣着您的梦想，走向远方

最后，谢谢你无私的栽培，让我能过得如常人般的舒服，所有的一切都是你的功劳。

Teachers, students, good morning!

I am a grade class (147) in . This is very honored to speak at the opening ceremony on behalf of the grade students.

Enter the grade, of course, our main task is to learn, learning, learning, hard, hard, and try again. Each course should be comprehensive development, improve efficiency. "Knowledge is power", lets do a meet the requirements of the new century outstanding young, to lay a solid foundation for the construction of the motherland future.

Of course, I feel that learning is mainly pay attention to methods, rather than the constrained square, play time, rote learning, should live learning.

We should listen attentively in class, more, ask more, and actively cooperate with the teacher, solve difficult problems in preview, comply with every lesson, to every minute of every class quality.

After class to review relative to prepare more critical, important is not the amount of knowledge, but the quality of knowledge. Continue to consolidate the learned knowledge, make them take root in the brain, and thrive. Repetition is the mother of learning, it can not only help us to consolidate knowledge, more important is can comb knowledge, spencer once said: "if a persons knowledge of and that his knowledge, the more the more he felt confused."

The classmates, as long as we can cherish the time, the opportunity will in our hands, I believe that the third this year will bring us more surprise.

Students, youth is the flower of life, the biggest sorrow of life is to live up to the youth, let us join hands to work together!

Dear Sir or Madame,

Im very glad to join in the interviw.First,let me introduce myself to you.My name is Lin YA Qian,Im 20 years old,I come from Zhe Jiang,and Im an outgoing girl,I like philosophy and sport.Oh yes,I hope that I can do something for the Beijing Olympics.If you give me the great chance,I wont let you disappoint.Ok,thats all.I hope that you are satisfied with me,thank you!

1、凡本校师生员工均可在本室借阅图书。

2、本室开放时间为：每日下午活动时间。开放时分年级借阅：

星期一：五年级;星期二：六年级;

星期三：三年级;星期四：四年级;

星期五：一、二年级。

3、师生员工借书一次一人一本。

4、借阅时需办理有关手续。

5、本校职工及学生放假离校时必须还清所借图书。

6、保持室内清洁卫生，不得随地吐痰、扔纸屑。

7、支持管理员工作，协助管理员共同维护图书室秩序，借书时要按顺序排队。

8、护图书，不得圈点、批注，更不能撕毁、剪贴，违者每次罚款2元，情节严重的按定价赔偿。

9、借阅图书一般不要转借，如果转借损坏，由借书人负责赔偿。

10、本制度自公布之日起执行。

I am so sorry the children behaved so badly when you were baby sitting for us last night. It must have been exhausting for you. I really dont know what got into them, though Jane was running a slight fever this morning, so its possible that she wasnt feeling well.

I told them that if they were going to be so naughty, you would not baby sit them again, and Eric in particular became quite tearful. You really are their favorite baby sitter.

Eric and Jane have both promised that if you will give them another chance they will be "as good as gold." In any case, this is up to you. Please let me know if you would prefer not to take care of them again.

Dear :

The people of China have been very much in my thoughts over the past two weeks as I have watched, with mounting concern, the effects of the devastation caused by the terrible earthquake in Sichuan Province.

It has been most impressive to see the marvellous way in which the Chinese humanitarian operations have brought swift and effective relief to those affected. I am particularly pleased that the Wenchuan Earthquake Orphan Fund has been established, to help the children who have lost their parents in the disaster.I wanted to take this opportunity to send my deepest sympathy following this terrible tragedy to the people of China, and my most heartfelt condolences to all those who have lost loved ones.

My Princes Charities are engaging ever more closely in China, including work to assist, in a small way, with the preservation of Chinas rich and diverse heritage.

It would give me the greatest pleasure if we were able to develop these ties still further with, in particular, practical assistance from my Princes Foundation for the Built Environment in planning the reconstruction of parts of Sichuan Province.

CharlesThe Prince of Wales

七年级是整个初中阶段的重要一年，也是最关键的一年，为使学生在英语这门学科上取得更大的进步，为以后的学习打下良好的基础，我在教学中尝试了一些教学方法，效果不错，作以下教学反思。

一、培养学生良好的英语学习习惯

我们学校的学生来自农村，学生学习英语的气氛淡薄，学习自觉性较差，主要表现在以下几个方面：

1、学过的单词、对话，老师要求背出，学生总是借口其他作业太多，没时间背，或者是不会背，往后一拖再拖，即便能背出来，也是临时死记抢记出来的。等到其他需要的时候又忘了。

2、上过的新课，相应的配套练习，不自觉去独立完成，总希望老师和他们一起来做。

3、死记硬背的东西多，联系的东西少，因此表面上看感觉还可以，但真正一考起来，问题出来很多，而且差距很大。这次期中考试下来，问题也出来了，尖子生不是很多，落后生比较多。

针对以上情况，要改变这种局面，我觉的要做的事很多。首先，要培养学生良好的学习习惯，课前多预习，课堂40分钟让学生集中注意力听讲，把老师讲的内容真正听懂。不是似懂非懂。课后认真完成配套练习，不懂的地方，多向老师或成绩好的学生请教。其次，学生学习要主次分明，主要学科课后时间分配相应的因当多一些，特别是对英语学科，因为它毕竟不是语文。基础不打好，以后想提高也难。第三，要灵活掌握学过的知识点，学习要讲究方法，举一反三，融会贯通，只有这样，学生才能把所学的知识串联起来，不容易忘记。

总之，要让学生明白，学习英语不是一天两天的事，是要靠平时慢慢积累起来的。

二、多怪自己少怪学生

新课改语法教学易进入误区。七年级的英语课很难上，特别是课文的语法多、讲解枯燥无味，会把那些英语底子不好的学生抛下。特别一节语法课，考试中不考，但因为上了高中学生的反馈，初中的语法没学好的话，在高中还是有困难的。如果一味着讲语法，所以英语老师都怕自己的学生吃不饱，整节课的讲解语法，其结果都不是太好，我的观点是淡化语法。淡化语法，并不是不学语法。只是不必过细，多用于交际。教程的编排就是以话题为主线，以语法为暗线。所以，要在语境中学习语法。教师要千方百计地激发学生学习英语的兴趣，活跃学生的学习热情，提高了学生学习英语的积极性。

一堂成功的英语课，往往给人以自然，和谐，舒服的享受。每一位教师在教材处理，教学方法，学法指导等诸方面都有自己的独特设计，在教学过程会出现闪光点。在教学过程中，每节课总会有这有那的一些不尽人意的地方，有时候是语言说话不当，有时候是教学内容处理不妥，有时候是教学方法处理不当，有时候练习习题层次不够，难易不当。等等对于这些情况，教师课后要冷静思考，仔细分析学生冷场、不能很好掌握知识这方面的原因。不要一看到学生的成绩差就一味着怪学生，学生的的主动性是很重要，即使学生不爱学习英语，应该多考虑厌学的原因，对情况分析之后，要做出日后的改进措施，以利于在日后的教学中不断提高，不断完善。

三、和谐关系

师生关系是影响教学质量的一个重要因素。融洽的师生关系能促进教育质量的提高。如果融洽了师生关系，学生会亲其师而信其道，听从教师的安排与倡导，促使教学质量的提高;相反，则会对学生的学习动机、兴趣、态度产生消极影响，制约着教育质量的提高。

和谐的师生关系还需要满足学生各种的需要，如关心、尊重、自身价值。根据这些需要，我经常了解学生需要的结构与层次，及时解决学生的合理需要，而有些暂时解决不了的要创造条件逐步解决，并作好解释工作。在不断的教与学的过程中，我真诚地热爱每一个学生，关心、理解、体贴、尊重、信任他们，他们也就尊重、依赖、喜欢我，从而融洽了师生感情。正是这样不断地深入培养，才出现了乐教乐学的喜人局面。

总之，教学的方法很多，以上三点是我近一年来英语教学比较有效的方法。只有让学生们树立必胜的信心，夯实基础并有针对性的训练，一定会提高学习效果，取得较好的成绩。

Dear：

It was with a great sense of loss when we/I heard of ( name) death。

We/I wanted to let you know that you have our/my greatest sympathy， and our/my heart(s) are/is truly saddened。

( name) was more than just a wonderful person; he/she was always so kind and considerate to us that we always weled seeing him/her at every opportunity。

And， we know that his/her passing will not only leave a void in our lives， but in the hearts of all those who knew him/her。

( name) will always remain within our hearts， and we have included ( name) and you in our daily prayers。 May God give you strength。

If there is anything that we can do to help you in anyway， please do not hesitate to call us at anytime。 You can phone either of us at ( area code and phone number) even if it is only to talk。

Our sincere thoughts and prayers are with you。

With our deepest sympathy，

May 5,20xx

Dear Mike,

This Saturday is my birthday and my parents will hold a simple celebrating party for me. I am glad to invite you to come to the party. Blair, Emma and Roan will also be invited. I am sure we will have a good time. We will have dinner at 18:30 so that you are wished to come at 18:15. My mother is a good cook and you will enjoy the dishes. After the dinner, we will play some small games and then eat the cake. My parents and I sincerely expect you to come and hope to see you then.

True yours,

Daniel

dear,

i am terrible sorry for not having attended your class on time. because i had got a headache for several days and it is my first time to live in chongqing and i can not suit for the weather here quickly.

to be honestly, i like learning english very well and i have made my mind to learn it well both on spoken english and on written english. i think you will be my best teacher to help me improving my english level. so i apologize again for my not attend your class. i will make my great effort on english in the future and will not make you disappointment next time!

excuse me for my unintentional fault!

sincerely yours,

xin

有这样一本书——书中没有一个字，却处处都是学问;书上没有作者的名字，但是每一个人都是这本书的作者;这本书的名字叫做生活，生活就是一本书，每一个人都能在这一本书中汲取营养、有所启示、有所发现。

在一个阳光明媚的上午。我的爸爸提出来一个奇怪的要求，让我学骑自行车，我感到非常惊讶，我问爸爸：“爸爸你为什么让我学骑自行车啊?”爸爸说：“你都长这么大啦，而且你的表妹都会骑自行车了，你不会，难道你不觉得丢人吗?”

无奈之下，爸爸给我买了一辆崭新的自行车。我心想，不就是骑自行车吗，肯定难不倒我的。只动了一下车把，用力蹬几下脚蹬就可以学会了吗!

我原本以为很简单，可是我错啦，我听着妈妈的教导，刚登上去，砰的一声，我连人带车一起摔到了地上，我的车被磕掉了一块铁皮。我非常生气，反复练习，用了一下午的时间也没有学会。我心想，唉!要是现在能够反悔那该有多好啊!如果那样我就可以不学了，也不用再摔倒了。

又过了一天，爸爸把我的表哥也“请”来了，我心想完了，完了，我玩完了，看来今天我非摔死不可。想着想着，哥哥把我的“宝马”放在了我的面前，我哭笑不得地对爸爸说：“爸爸，你不要这么的‘赶尽杀绝’好不好啊!”爸爸苦笑着说：“儿子你忍一忍吧!这么大啦你连自行车都不会骑，丢不丢人呀。”没办法我只好忍者“旧伤”去练车。哥哥的教法跟妈妈的完全不一样，妈妈是让我右脚蹬在一个脚蹬上然后双手握好车把，左脚往后蹬。哥哥教的是让我骑在车上，用右脚蹬着右边的脚蹬，左脚撑在地上，看准时机，右脚再蹬，我用哥哥的方法来骑。一开始我不会，然后慢慢慢慢就学会了。

每当我潇洒的在大街小巷中骑车的时候，我就会很自豪，还会不由自主的想起我当时学骑车的情景。每一次我做事时，我都会坚持到底!

Dear Sir or Madam,

I’m writing this letter to apologize to you. I’m so sorry that we made a mistake about the shipment of vacuum cleaners.

Those vacuum cleaners we sent to you were meant to be sent to European countries, but as the old worker was retired, the new one wasn’t so experienced. Besides, the model number and the price of goods in March and July are so similar that the worker mistaken them.

I am awfully sorry for this and we promise you a replacement shipment. We will also give a 10% discount to compensate.

I do apologize for any inconvenience this may cause you and I will try my best to avoid the same accident happening again.

Regards,

Eva

On behalf of the United States Government, I now outline steps to resolve this issue.

Both President Bush and Secretary of State Powell have expressed their sincere regret over your missing pilot and aircraft. Please convey to the Chinese people and to the family of pilot Wang Wei that we are very sorry for their loss. Although the full picture of what transpired is still unclear, according to our information, our severely crippled aircraft made an emergency landing after following international emergency procedures. We are very sorry the entering of Chinas airspace and the landing did not have verbal clearance, but very pleased the crew landed safely.

We appreciate Chinas efforts to see to the well-being of our crew. In view of the tragic incident and based on my discussions with your representatives, we have agreed to the following actions:

Both sides agree to hold a meeting to discuss the incident. My government understands and expects that our air crew will be permitted to depart China as soon as possible.

The meeting would be April 18, 20xx.

The meeting agenda would include discussions of the causes of the incident, possible recommendations whereby such collisions could be avoided in the future, development of a plan for prompt return of the EP-3 aircraft, and other related issues. We acknowledge your governments intention to raise U.S. reconnaissance missions near China in the meeting.

建议信

21 June 20xx

Dear Mary,

Thanks for your last letter. Im so glad that you have been able (at last! ) to arrange a holiday in Australia. As I fear I wont be able to meet you at the airport when you arrive, nor will I be able to be home until later in the afternoon, so here are some instructions and suggestions.

There is a bus from the airport to the city. It is much cheaper than a cab. Take the bus to the city and ask to get off at Town Hall railway station.

To get to my place in the eastern suburbs you have three options. You can either take a cab, a bus or the train. I suggest you take the train, since the airport bus will leave you right at the station. Get off at Cliff Station. From there you can either walk to my place (about ten minutes) or take a taxi. Probably you should take a taxi as you will have luggage.

When you arrive at my flat, ring the intercom for Flat 2. My friend Lillian will be at home and she will open the front door for you and let you into my flat.

Presumably you will be tired and want to sleep. But if you feel like some exercise after that long flight, you could stroll down to Cooper Park, which is only ten minutes away ? you can see it from the window.

Cheers and looking forward to seeing you.

Yours sincerely,

Annie

在词汇学习时，结合初中生心理生理发展特点以及认知规律，教师可适当采用韵句、歌谣、歌曲等形式，选择学生真正喜欢、乐于记忆的内容和曲调，并且给予一个语境来帮助学生练习、记忆和运用词汇。

《新课标》中的基本理念一再强调要关注全体学生的学习状态。学生在学习异国语言时难免产生枯燥畏难的心理感受。我在教学中，结合新课标理念，进行一些新的尝试和改变，尽可能照顾到每个学生的学习感受，提高课堂效率。比如，在教每单元生词时，我把单词放在句子中呈现，或设置学生感兴趣的情景，如编成小对话，小故事，或猜测游戏等，尽量做到“词不离句，句不离篇，篇不离用”，并且采用反复呈现法，同一语境用不同语音、语调反复呈现，同一语境用不同情感、动作反复呈现，在近似语境中反复呈现读音和词形..我发现学习词汇时，给它设置不同丰富的语境，反复呈现练习词汇及句子，既避免了机械重复，不会让学生感觉到枯燥无味，还增强了课堂的活力，使不同层次的学生在一堂课中均有较饱满的收获，积极调动了学生的学习主动性，尽大可能地体现着新课标提倡的面向全体学生的教学理念。

Mr. Perkin carelessly lost his suitcase at 9: 30 a.m. this Saturday when he took a bus from Yingze Street to Jin Ancestral Temple. 内容来自英语之家

It is an orange square leather suitcase with a metal handle on it. A label with Perkins name is tied to the handle. Inside the suitcase is a camera made in Japan, several rolls of film and two woolen jackets.

There is a Chinese-English dictionary and two letters from America in the packet on the front cover and in the back packet is a wallet with 1,000 dollars and a train ticket from Taiyuan to Beijing inside.

Will the finder get in touch with Mr. Perkin, please? His telephone number is 7075441. Mr. Perkin will appreciate the finder very much.

字母教学是英语基础教学中的一个重要环节，我觉得学英语首先要熟知英语中的26个英文字母，因为学好26个英文字母对学生以后的发音、拼读和记忆单词都起着至关重要的作用。因此，在学习字母阶段，我们要利用一切可利用的资源，创设情境，让学生和字母做游戏、交朋友。

1、字母读音教学

现在的学生接触英语字母的机会比较多也比较早。但是理解甚少，例如小朋友身上穿的衣物，学习用的文具、书本，吃的零食包装等都会有很多的字母。如果教师在课堂上还是按照教材中的安排，部分学生就会因为觉得简单而慢慢失去学的兴趣，甚至会对以后的学习产生不良的影响。兴趣是最好的老师，如果一开始就让学生对英语学习失去兴趣，将会使我们的英语教学陷入困境。所以教师在教学字母之前，可以布置学生回家预习，看看形状，寻找一下自己身边的英文字母。这样，学生有了一定的知识量，教师就能采取形式多样的教学方法进行巩固，使学生在形式多样的操练活动中得到提高。

2、游戏化教学

小学生活泼好动，游戏兴趣浓厚，英语游戏是帮助学生学好英语的一种有效的教学组织形式。在字母教学中，除了书上提供的活动外，教师还可以设计多样化的游戏活动。如把大小写字母分别发给学生，然后让他们分头行动，大小写的在一起，看哪一组快准，通过比赛的形式，学生很快就掌握了字母的大小写。Look for the friend”的游戏，教师把写有大小写字母的卡片发给男同学，把写有小写字母的卡片发给女同学，然后叫拿了卡片的同学站出来围成圈，教师播放音乐，音乐一放，同学们就拍手掌跳着去找对应的大小写字母，音乐一停，找到朋友的给两分，没有找到的(或找错)朋友的继续找，不给分。通过这种趣味性游戏，学生很快就掌握了字母的大小写，这样既调动了学生的学习积极性，又使课堂气氛活泼有序。

3.字母书写教学

我觉得字母书写应该注意三点：占格数.笔画.笔顺。我在教学时在网上查阅了大量的资料，有一首儿歌很不错，大写字母一二格，上不顶线是原则;小写字母很有趣，上面有‘辫’一二格，下面有‘尾’二三格，无‘辫’无‘尾’中间格，“f,j,p”占三格;“i,t”中上一格半。英语字母的书写不同于汉字的书写，它没有间架结构的要求，学生只要慢慢地书写，每一笔划都写到位，没有写不好字母的学生。当有些学生书写不够认真时，我先让他们在我的监督下一笔一划地完成书写任务，然后及时地表扬他们，并在全班同学的面前展示他们的书写。这样，他们肯定会产生成功的喜悦，从而促使他们更加认真地进行书写。最后还应该采取一些适当的活动，让学生觉得书写是一件愉快的事。比如，可进行定期的书写竞赛等。

4.字母字形教学

人都有想象力，儿童对想象的依赖性更大。而字母的书写首先要求学生能正确区分一些形近的字母。有些字母可以通过对字母想象、联想的方法让学生记住它们的形状特点。在学生基本掌握字母的形状后，还可以让学生根据字母的一小部分来猜字母，这种方式比直接叫学生认读字母要好得多。教师还可以编一些趣味的谜语，如：

1减1不等于0——H 山连着山——M

1加3不等于4——B 钓鱼钩——J

不倒翁——O 一把椅子——h

在教学中我们还可以编一些儿歌，如：大写M像高山，两座高山肩并肩;大写N三兄弟，手牵手不分离。弯弯的月亮(C)、零的突破(Q)、盘山公路(S)、三叉路口(T)、半只葫芦(B)、一座宝塔(A)、胜利的象征(V)、大号鱼钩(J)、一张弓(D)、一扇小门(n)、一棵小苗(r)、一把椅子(h)、什么字母是个昆虫?(Bb)、什么字母是我自己?(I)、什么字母既不是我，也不是他，而是你?(U u)、盲人最喜欢什么字母?(Ii)

5.复习法

我觉得在学习完26个字母之后，教师应及时、综合、灵活地帮助学生对知识进行复习、巩固，将零散的知识进行归纳、整理，有助于学生对所学知识有个整体性认识。字母歌节奏和谐、旋律优美，能立刻调动学生的视听器官，博得他们的喜爱，利用字母歌帮学生识记字母的读音，既可以活跃课堂气氛、减轻疲劳，又可以激发学生兴趣，培养语感，提高学习效率。在巩固时，教师可教学生唱ABC song，这种以唱开始，以唱结束的综合复习法，学生觉得轻松、自然，在欢快的歌声中正确掌握了26个母的读音，从而达到了知识再现和巩固的目的。此外，活动有助于学生发展智力和个性，展现才能，在活动中，学生能以主人翁的态度投入到学习中。教师也可组织一次：Follw me，please的活动，帮助学生理清字母顺序，教师把字卡发给学生，让持字母卡A的学生站后面说：“I am A Follow me ，please”，那么，持字母卡B的学生就站在持字母卡A的学生后而说：“I am B，Follow me，please” ，依次类推。经过梳理，学生对字母的音和序就有了一个系统认知。我在课堂中，和学生一块背诵字母是采用三种声调的方式，边在空中用手写边诵读，学生们都很积极，兴趣也很高。

总之，我们在教学中应通过各种教学形式，促使学生正确牢固地掌握英语字母的读音及书写，为日后进一步学好英语打下扎实的基础。

本人本学期担任高二(5)、(6)两个班的英语教学工作。在本学期我们完成了7、8两个模块的教学任务。这两个模块是选修课程。(5)、(6)两个班是文科普通班，学生特点不一样，行为惯相对不齐，英语基础参差不齐。本着让每一位学生尽量终身受益的教学理念，根据学期初制定的教学计划，现已基本完成教学任务。

这学期以来，在教学工作中，本人认真备课、上课、听课、评课，及时反思，使教学工作得以有计划，有组织，有步骤地开展。课后认真评改作业、集中和分散讲评作业，进取进行大课间辅导，进取地去了解学生，以做到有的放矢，从而不断提高自我的业务素质和教学质量，并顺利完成教育教学任务。

一、认真备好每一节课，上好每一节课，不断努力提高教学质量

本学期分两个阶段，先是对选修七和八的讲解，学期后进入了新高三的大一轮复。对每个阶段的教学，我们都在备课组内先进行认真的讨论，并结合学情进行取舍，真正做到了用因材施教。所以课前我认真备教材，备学生，教学资料分出重点与难点，掌握知识的逻辑，构建知识的框架。更重要的是要了解学生原有的基础水平并采取相应的教学手段和教学策略，课后再及时进行反思小结，这样不断提高自我的业务水平。

二、课堂上努力调动学生的进取性和主动性，并激发他们学英语的兴趣

如何让学生对学感兴趣，这就很有讲究了。讲课生动，难易适中，顾全大局，就自然能够吸引学生。所以，我每一天都尽量使自我有充足的精神，这样，授课就事半功倍。在备课时我从学情实际出发，立足现实，精心寻找突破口，设计出不一样层次的教学资料，想方设法使每一位同学都能参与到我的课堂中来，让他们在每节课上都有收获。英语的重要性自不必说，要让学生喜爱英语，不是一件容易的事情。有了兴趣，学就不再是负担。仅有在教学中培养学生的学兴趣，才能增强教学效果。我就把语言教学与生活联系起来，课堂上鼓励学生，培养他们的自信心，做到多表扬，少批评，不断强化学生的自我学意识。同时努力与学生搞好关系，与他们拉近距离，进一步培养学生正确的学态度和良好的学惯。

三、进取参与听课、评课，虚心向同行学教学方法

我经常参加校内外听评课活动，不断汲取他人的宝贵经验。并且多向经验丰富的教师请教并经常在一齐讨论如何讲好某一节课，如何向学生呈现某一知识点等教学问题。

四、做好后进生转化工作

我常常很体谅后进生。在学上后进的学生，往往得不到教师的肯定，而后进生转化成功与否，直接影响着全班学生的整体成绩及班级稳定。所以，我一如既往地注意抓好后进生转化工作。首先善于帮忙他们找到自我的优点，先把自信心树立起来。其次以平常的心态尽量公平地对待后进生，苛责他们只能适得其反，我及时发现他们的闪光点并加之表扬，真正做到晓之以理，动之以情，让他们感受到我的爱。

五、利用好教辅材料

在本学期，我们用的教辅材料，我们让它充分发挥作用。每周进行题训练，精选题并加之巩固练。单元检测上的经过我精选的题，要求大家认真去完成并及时讲评。完形填空及阅读理解作为考试的小半壁江山，我们尤其重视。另外，我们每班有1先进排头兵，鼓励她们所学资料必须背诵，必须默写，我都采取当面批改并做上已过标记，经过一段时光的训练，学生都已经惯了这种学模式，并主动来要求过关。我认为本学期我在学生主动学方面取得了不错的成效。

六、词汇教学

根据教体局教研员的总体部署，我们在学期初进行集中词汇教学，具体是：利用一个月的时光集中背诵单词表上的词汇，词汇资料包括：所有汉语意思，词性，会读，会音标。完成后，找我面过。这一策略十分奏效，学生进取性高，一学期下来，学生书上贴满了已过标签，学生看起来很有成就感。整个过程下来，不知不觉中我们培养了学生学的兴趣，增强了学生的学主动性。这是本学期比较成功的教学尝试。以上是我在本学期的教学工作总结，我将一如既往，再接再励，多学，勤反思，把自我的教学工作做到扎实有效，努力培养德才兼备的人才。

关键词 高考书面表达 题型分析 教学启示

中图分类号：G424 文献标识码：A DOI：10.16400/ki.kjdkx.2017.03.049

Abstract This article mainly from the context setting， proposition form， theme and content， genre characteristics are analyzed in terms of 2007-2016 years of college entrance examination in ten years the National English written expression volume I main characteristics test. Then， according to the requirements of the new curriculum standard for English writing and the concept of English teaching， the author puts forward some suggestions on the teaching of English writing in senior high school.

Keywords written expression of college entrance examination； analysis of question types； teaching enlightenment

0 引言

英Z书面表达作为一种重要的语言输出形式，它不仅能很好地反映英语语言学习者的语言水平，还能折射出学习者的思维方式、情感态度和人生价值观。因此，英语书面表达历来都是高考必考的内容。

《全日制普通高中英语课程标准》（教育部，2003，以下简称《新课标》）对高中学生的英语书面表达能力有六到九个级别的具体的要求。本文主要分析2007-2016年近十年高考英语全国卷I书面表达题型的主要特点，然后根据《新课标》对英语写作的要求及英语教学的理念提出高中英语写作教学的建议。

1 2007-2016全国卷I书面表达命题特点

英语书面表达作为语言产出性测试，主要测评学生的英语综合运用能力。它不仅考查受试者对词汇、语法、句式结构等语言要素的综合表达能力，同时也测试他们的语篇组织能力以及逻辑思维能力等。

纵观近十年的高考书面表达测试题，高考英语全国卷I的书面表达试题通常采用控制性写作和半控制性写作。 控制性写作是指试题对书面表达的内容、文体（主要为应用文）、长度（100字作用）等作了一定的要求和限制，同时又采用半控制性写作给考生留有充分发挥的空间，让考生在所限范围内适当增加细节，以使行文连贯丰富。

1.1 情景设置的真实性

从上面的表1可看出近十年的全国卷I都设置了一定的情景。都假设考生是“李华”这个身份，对方要么是外籍教师Peter；要么动物工作人员；房东Mrs. Wilson；大学的Smith； 笔友Peter等等。情景包括：请外籍教师Peter找一个英语笔友；写给动物工作人员一封信了解美国动物园出生的大熊猫的生活状况；给房东写一留言条；邀请某大学的Smith女士来当英语演讲比赛评委；在英国学校学习暑期课程，遇到困难，写一封信书面预约辅导中心帮助；校英文报“外国文化”栏目拟刊登介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文，给美国朋友彼得写信约稿；暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历，给外教写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式等等。这些情景的设置具有一定的真实性和交际性。所设计的情景都有可能考生在将来的工作或生活中会遇到的真实情况。这种试题情景的设置可测试出考生在有限的时间范围内应该掌握的英语写作能力，从而保证试题的较高效度。

1.2 情景设置的跨文化交际性

根据交际语言测试理论，交际性试题应当使考生像在真实的语境中那样进行信息沟通并完成交流任务。因此情景的设置必须具有一定的交际性。说明双方交际的对象或身份关系、缘由、目的等。并且这十年的书面表达题都涉及到跨文化交际。这种试题情景设置的交际性非常明确，让考生一目了然，明确各自的身份特征，明确交际的内容，确定用什么样的语言口气或语言风格来进行写作。

1.3 命题形式和内容的规范性和开放性

纵观上面的表1可见近十年全国卷1书面表达的命题形式大多数以提纲的形式出现。规范性主要体现在书面表达的材料规定了考生所要表达的主要内容，其语言提示充足而不繁琐，图表、提纲、画面清晰明了，考点简洁明确。这为考生在有限的时间范围内规范答题提供了很好的保证。除此之外，每套试题还有一条词数100左右的要求，这些要求在某种程度上保证了评分的信度。

除了其规定的主要内容外，考生可以围绕话题情景进行综合对比、观察、分析、判断，充分表达自己的思想、发挥已有的语言水平，从而保证了试卷的区分度。

1.4 题材与体裁的相对稳定性

从表1中不难看出近十年的全国卷I书面表的命题形式都是严格按照考纲来命题的，用汉语提纲或者图画等形式提供情景。无论是请外籍教师Peter找一个英语笔友；或者写给动物工作人员一封信了解美国动物园出生的大熊猫的生活状况；或是给房东写一留言条；还是邀请某大学的Smith女士来当英语演讲比赛评委；在英国学校学习暑期课程，遇到困难，写一封信书面预约辅导中心帮助；校英文报“外国文化”栏目拟刊登介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文，给美国朋友彼得写信约稿；暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历，给外教写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式等等。这类写作难度较低，便于学生在较短的时间内构思成文，突出了写作的实用性。

1.5 紧扣教学大纲和课标要求

2003 年《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》指出：“（1）能用文字及图表提供的信息进行简单描述；（2） 能写出常见体裁的应用文，例如：信函和一般通知；（3） 能描述事件和人物，并进行简单评论；（4）能填写有关个人情况表格，例如，申请表等”。近十年的高考英语书面表达题在文体、命题方式、内容和篇幅上都呈现相对稳定的命题思路。

2 英语写作教学启示

2.1 重视语境教学

语言最本质的功能是交际功能，而书面表达作为语言交际功能的一种形式也必须在真实的的社会情境和文化语境中进行语言信息交流。我国尤其是为了应对高考的英语教学更是长期以来都看重语言形式的学习而比较忽略语境学习的重要性。而语境是掌握英语写作技能、发展英语综合能力的重要环境。所以在平常的英语写作教学中应该创造充分的语境，让语境教学贯穿整个单元的教学中。促使学生创造性的运用所学英语语言进行书面表达或解决问题。最终提高学生的综合运用语言的能力。

2.2 重视体裁意识的培养

英语写作的提高除了加强词汇和句法的基本功训练外，还应从语篇着手，训练多种题材和体裁的话题，鼓励和指导学生多写多练，突出学习内容的实用性，把写作当作常规教学的书面交际活动，使各种应用文体的写作（如记日记、写便条、写信等）成为一种写作习惯。

2.3 注重跨文化交际的培养

英语作为一门语言学科，是以实现语言交际为最终目的，而高考写作题型也正是体现了这一目标。所以在平时的写作教学中要尽量创设各种较为真实的语境，让学生在模拟现实生活中的各种跨文化交际中不断提高自己的英语写作能力。

3 结束语

总之，作为二语习得的一种书面语言输出形式，高考英语书面表达不仅反映学习者的英语语言水平，还反映了学习者的思维能力、跨文化交际能力以及学习者的价值观等。具有导向性的高考英语书面表达题型紧扣教学大纲，体现了《新课标》的教学理念。其语言情景设置的真实性、跨文化交际性；主题内容的日趋社会化和开放化；题材和体裁的稳定性等都为平常的英语写作教学提供了很好的指挥棒。教师在平常的英语写作教学中除了有意识地开展相应的写作训练和针对性的写作指导外，还应注重跨文化交际的培养。

参考文献

[1] Dickins，P.M. What makes a grammar test communicative In： Charles Alderson & Brian North. （Eds.）.Language testing in the 1990s[C].London： Macmillan Publishers Limited，1991.

[2] 张明芳。2014年全国高考英语写作题型分析及启示[J].中小学英语教学与研究，2014（12）.