德国

首先推介鼓浪屿。每个人旅游的目的和想法不一样，所以关注的重点不一样。鼓浪屿岛上的旅游景点如日光岩、菽妆花园、风情建筑等等，看的多了，也就不足为怪。要我说，在鼓浪屿旅游，最稀缺的还是它湛蓝的海和碧蓝的天，还是每一条小巷子的魅力，还是在寂静的沙滩上思考和远眺，还是找到一家知名的小吃店，一尝美味，还是在岛上特色的家庭旅馆，花个上百元体验一晚所谓小资的生活。。。正统点的，菽庄花园：林尔嘉借山藏海，将大海私藏于自家的园林，磅礴大气又精巧雅致，值得一看，一条曲折石桥在庭院内蜿蜒，伸入海中，涨潮时人行桥上仿佛踏浪碧波之上，很有诗情画意的韵味。就在菽庄花园，爱国的林尔嘉以拥山揽海的气势，在柔美的钢琴声中，用流利的外语，为中国人的权益说话。中国唯一的“钢琴博物馆”，以及民俗家具博物馆也建于院内。门票：30元/人。

日光岩：鼓浪屿最早看到太阳的地方，凌空耸立一块直径40多米的巨石，又称晃岩，是当年郑成功屯兵扎寨的地方。里面有日光岩电影院、百鸟园、郑成功纪念馆、莲花庵、水操台等景点，门票：60元/人。去日光岩的晃岩路上(38号)有一座收藏了许多鼓浪屿旧时代老物件的“怀旧鼓浪屿”博物馆，有兴趣的话可以进去怀旧感触，任思绪纷飞。

皓月园：“思君寝不寐，皓月透素帏”，从轮渡出来便可以看见左手边山上，面海向东而立高15.7米的郑成功白色雕像，那便是皓月园。塑像下面，清风海涛，细沙逐浪，是清晨傍晚散步的浪漫的好地方。门票20元/人，晚上18：30以后是免费的。

海底世界：轮渡上岸后右转不远，可以看见一个巨型章鱼的铜雕，那就是海底世界的入口，不过好像全国的海底世界都差不多，这里有一具从厦门海域捕获的世界最大的抹香鲸的标本，感兴趣和从没有去过海洋世界的朋友可以去看一下。

岛上每晚都有钢琴演出，目前10月份的安排还没出炉，9月底的大概如下：27日(星期日)19：30《器乐、声乐音乐会——金桥·厦门老人乐团 厦门商报乐团》;28日(星期一)19：30《第五届华夏艺术风采国际交流展示暨中华青少年文艺英才推选活动福建选拔赛获奖选手音乐会-吴海娣、吴迪、杨莉菲、童莘君》;29日(星期二)19：30《魏宜娴师生钢琴演奏会》;30日(星期三)19：30《器乐、声乐音乐会——金桥·厦门老人乐团 厦门商报乐团》。有这方面的爱好的朋友不妨去看看。

一、住宿安全

住校的学生也不能够放松警惕，大家主要面对的来自内部的隐患，因为大家是和其他人共享私人空间的，所以就必须要保管好私人的物品，而且要处理好室友之间的关系。

而租房的话，要担心的事情则更多，在确定位置的时候，一定要排除可能有的隐患，包括各项设施和外部环境，此外出门还要记得锁好门窗，回家后也要记得随手关门。

二、出行安全

需要先熟悉自己常走的路线，选择最安全的一条，并且尽量要避免单独行动，出门之前一定要先查好路线图，既可以避免浪费时间，还能够规避潜在的危险。

尽量要避免夜晚出门和晚上回家太晚的情况，即便是有事情处理，也不要在外面待太晚，回去的时候切记走大路，在人多的地方要切记注意安全，不要往人多的地方挤。

三、社交安全

交友则尤其需要谨慎，新生先将自己的社交圈集中在华人圈和学校的同学中，这样会相对比较安全，在通过其他人的介绍认识新的朋友，会更有保障一些。

然后可以通过聚会认识更多的人，当然在聚会的时候，也是需要提高警惕的，在交流的时候要保持距离，不要过分的亲密，让其他人有可乘之机，饮料和食物则要说no。

四、信息安全

而不管你和朋友的关系有多密切，也不要将私人信息泄露给其他人，更不要随便帮其他人关于身份认证等相关的忙，万一惹祸上身，处理起来是非常麻烦的。

银行卡的密码、身份证的信息还有社交账号的密码等，都是大家的个人财产，万一被其他人冒用，尤其是用在不法的用途上，负责任的人将会是你而不是别人。

一、房租

取决于大家选择的类型，如果时间足够的话可以申请宿舍，早提交才有机会入住，宿舍的租金价格比较稳定，城市间的差异也不大，一般都在200-300欧之间，安全和环境都不错。

而租房则需要考虑更多的事情，尤其是地域带来的影响，因为房型基本上是差不多的，而且合租是大部分学生的选择，内部的配置也差不多，大城市就是会贵一些，租金在400-700欧之间。

二、餐饮

区分出日常饮食和聚会聚餐，平时就直接在食堂解决，虽然只有西餐，但是卫生有保障，价格也比较划算，学生有专属的优惠，比较适合课程安排比较多的学生，不需要花很长时间在吃上面。

而人数比较多的聚餐，则更适合出去吃，餐馆能够提供更多的选择和合适包厢，大家有一个相对独立的环境进行社交，或者邀请大家去家里一起做饭，成本会低一些，一个月加起来也需要300欧左右。

三、购物

日用品属于消耗品，大家需要定期进行采购，一个月是比较常见的时间段，大家可以在平时有需要买的东西的时候，列一个清单，这样会比较方便后续的购物，也可以克制自己不会乱买东西。

比较大的开销还有买衣服等东西的钱，因为基本上单品都不会很便宜，毕竟便宜的更换频率高不划算，冬天的衣服会更贵，平均下来一个月的预算在200欧左右。

四、出行

学生的日常出行虽然选择公共的工具比较多，但是和国内比价格还是会贵一些的，好在交了注册费之后，就会有学期票，城市间的差异会比较大，一般在30-240欧之间。

还有大家日常的休闲预算，这部分会有比较大的差异，因为大家的消费习惯和观念会有差异，有的人花得会多一些，不过大家要先有正常的社交，还是要做足预算。

1、为什么德国没有学费?

德国大学不收学费，这点也是吸引了很多学生的，因为没有学费，在这里读一年也就6万左右。但德国的这些学校不仅是对自己的学生免了学费，对于留学生也是这样的。大家了解过英美大学就知道了，它们的学校基本上对待本地学生和国际学生都是完全不同的收费标准。

也就是学生在德国，能够和德国学生一样是免除了学费，也能够去打工赚生活费，或者是同样享受各类的福利。

2、为什么德国毕业后前途都比较好

只要德语足够好的话都可以在这里找到工作，特别是读理工科的学生。而且这里说的德语够好指的是在口语跟表达上都没有无障碍的，这样的要求其实并不高。当然如果要回国就业的话，留学德国的优势还是很大的。因为中国和德国其实在贸易上也有很多的合作，在未来几年里双方的企业都会很青睐这些在德国就读的人才。

3、德国的难点在哪里?

德语。当然，小语种是去德国的学生不可绕开的话题，但是在英语如此泛化的时代，学习一门小语种是必要的的，也是丰富自己的简历的一笔。况且，去德国也可以选择英语授课，也为国际学生大大提供了便利。其他的难点都不是难点，想去的并经之路就是学生自己的优质背景，只有自己足够优秀，才有资格去理想的。

4、为什么去德国留学在经济上有利?

对于中国的非本地阶层来说，来德国是一个很好的选择。其实如果能开始读德国大学，找工作的优势太多了。比较明显的就是学生们更容易找到更高端的工作。而且学生在这里就读也不会有经济压力，因为他们不需要交学费，所需要的也只是生活中要用的钱。

5、为什么接受外国留学生移民?

其实这是德国为了留住这些在当地接受了高等教育的人才。留学生只要在这里工作满两年都能够去申请永久居留了。从移民的条件来讲，它比其他国家拥有更加相比宽松的移民条件。

德国到现在其实一直都很需要大量人才。所以它现在才尝试吸引技术移民，而留学生既有高学历，也有拥有技术和知识，是德国企业非常想要留住的人力资源。

Dear _,

On November 9, 20_, I took my GRE Subject (BIOLOGY) test. Although I it is

beyond me to report the exact number of the participants in this specific test

the world over, the score I achieved indicated to me that I was above 98%, and

according to the analysis by my classmates, this might be the highest score that

Chinese students have ever achieved. While I was aware that the importance of

any test score as an indicator of one’s scholastic aptitudes should never be

over-exaggerated, the result still gave me a tremendous sense of self-pride and

self-achievement. I believe that I achieved such a high score not through mere

coincidence. Instead, it is the result of my long-time love for and dedicated

efforts at biology. With an implicit faith in my knowledge of biology and in my

potential to continue to excel others, I here solemnly file this document in an

attempt to apply for admission into your esteemed university for a Master’s

program in pharmacology.

I am confident in my qualifications as a competitive applicant for your

highly respected program, partially because of my unusual interest in

pharmacology. As a bridge across medical science and pharmacy, pharmacology

plays a vital role in the research on the ways to resist diseases. The

exploration and the subsequent elaboration on the mechanism of therapeutic

functioning of drugs is a necessary step in the development and application of

drugs to overcome diseases. Faced with this academic discipline that is

inextricably connected with human life and human welfare, I have always been

fascinated by this subject, bent on making my own contributions to the

improvement of the quality of human life. Every time I learn about new theories,

approaches and developments in biology and pharmacology, I cannot help feeling

excited. Each setback I encounter or each success I achieve in my experiments

would motivate me to persist and continue. It is this fascination with biology

and pharmacology that stands behind my dedicated studies and research in those

subjects.

The 4-year comprehensive and systematic study and training in the specialty

of pharmacy guaranteed my successful completion of my undergraduate program at

the College of Medicine of _ University, the best medical institute in China.

In an academic environmental famous for its rigorousness, I established a solid

foundation in such diverse fields as biology, chemistry, biochemistry,

pharmacology, pathology, physiology, and cell biology. As I approached my

studies primarily from a problem-oriented manner, devoting much more energy to

labwork than to coursework in order to satisfy my curiosity for solving

practical problems, my overall GPA is somehow affected, slightly lower than what

I would have desired. In my case, GPA, which is purely based on exam scores,

does not account much. In retrospect, I have been more concerned with developing

my hands-on abilities and on developing an extensive knowledge rather than on

intensive test-oriented knowledge. Nevertheless, compared with other students, I

am sure that I excel them in terms of experimental skills and the ken of

knowledge and, for an undergraduate, a good foundation supported by

comprehensive specialized knowledge and strong hands-on abilities are most

important for more intensive studies in the future.

I have every reason to believe that my excellent experimental skills and

research experience will qualify me to be a helpful research assistant to my

future supervisor and to make important research achievements. Even when I was a

freshman, I started to work as a research assistant in the laboratory. Over the

past four years, I have commanded most of the basic skills necessary for

undertaking lab research, such as operations on animals, cell culture,

electrophoresis experiments, etc. By far, my most important research experience

came from undertaking my graduation project, which exemplified an overall test

of experimental techniques. I chose to focus on the Effect of Ye3 on the Cell

Apoptosis. The reason for choosing this subject of research is that the study of

cell apoptosis has a crucial importance in the treatment of cancer and in

maintaining the immunity of those suffering from AIDS. On the premise that rare

earth ions are considered capable of entering cells, I decided that my project

would concentrate on rare earth ions and their effects on cell nucleus. With

extensive experiments, I discovered that, under different circumstances, rare

earth ions would produce totally different behavior toward cell apoptosis. When

the concentration of rare earth ions is below a certain ultimate limit, the

function of the ions changes from that of facilitating cell apoptosis to that of

suppressing cell apoptosis. As an initial and tentative study, my research has

won very positive comments from my advisor. In undertaking a large quantity of

experiments, I not only applied basic operation skills with much dexterity but

also acquired many new techniques such as making post-coloring observation of

the morphology of cell nucleus through the confocal fluorescence microscope, and

performing qualitative testing of cell apoptosis with the help of flow cytometry

method (FCM).

Having completed my undergraduate education and acquired necessary

qualifications, I would like to pursue a more advanced degree program at The

Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine at The

University of _. The department, founded in the 1950’s, has been greatly

strengthened by the joining of dozens of renowned scholars and specialists over

each of the past decade. Its mission, “to educate, create and sustain knowledge

concerning the actions and mechanisms of drugs in biology and medicine,"

reflects the Department’s consistent dedication to academic excellence. Your

Department fosters research collaborations within the Department as well as with

other _ Faculties & Departments, national and international universities

and related industries, and is committed to the development of new research

areas. I am especially interested in Clinical Pharmacology Research Organization

(CPRO) under the leadership of Dr. _.

Your research-oriented program adheres to an “apprenticeship” model of

graduate training in which in which graduate students work in close

collaboration with a particular Faculty member, their supervisor. Since the

matching of research and professional interests between the student and a

Faculty member within the Department is paramount, I would like to identify Dr.

_ and Dr. X_as either instructor or supervisor with whom I would like to work

with. Dr. X_may enlighten me on central nervous system physiology and

pharmacology while Dr. X_may instruct me concerning the mechanisms of action

and resistance and intracellular pharmacokinetics of antiviral agents. My

initial study of their papers and research reveals that their fields of research

perfectly parallel my study and research interests. I expect that my Master’s

program can ultimately lead to a Ph. D. program.

This Personal Statement is presented by a highly self-motivated Chinese

young man who cherishes high academic ambitions, possesses outstanding biology

knowledge, and is determined to work harder to make even more proud

achievements. For this reason, I hope that my application can be given most

serious consideration.

Yours sincerely,

bzuowen.com/shenqing/

Dear _,

I wish to study Biology because of my enthusiasm for the environment and my

fascination with how living organisms work, particularly animals. I enjoy

studying creatures at a cellular level as well as on a large scale, such as

their ecosystem. It is this variation of perspective that makes Biology an

appealing subject to further my knowledge at University.

I recently attended lectures on biodiversity and conservation at the

University Museum of Natural History in Oxford. This aided my understanding of

different topics, including why our rainforests are so important and the role of

specific invertebrates in our global environment.

I currently own a shared website on which my AS Biology notes can be

viewed. This was set up in order to improve my skills in computer and data

handling, as well as share information with other students who are studying

Biology at A-level. I am hoping it will also make the subject more interactive

and exciting for people who visit the site.

I keep up to date with new developments and ideas by reading around my

school subjects in books and in journals such as New Scientist. Leisure

activities, including visits to Cotswold Wildlife Park, the Natural History

Museum and the Body World Exhibition, have proved valuable in expanding my

biological knowledge, as has watching wildlife documentaries on television.

I have a part time job at Summertown Library, which has been an important

experience for me. It has not only made me more independent, but has taught me

the importance of decision-making, how to work as a team and how to handle

responsibility. I take pleasure in reading novels, spending time with friends,

drawing, painting and walking in the countryside.

Yours sincerely,

bzuowen

Dear _,

To me, art is like a mystery which is to be solved. I see an artwork as the

concentration of an idea or concept into a physical entity. The idea or concept

is rarely evident through just looking at piece; it requires analysis or

scrutiny to interpret it. This is why I am rarely happy with a piece of art

unless I can see some meaning behind it. Whether it is my own or another

person’s, I feel a great satisfaction when I discover an underlying theme or

message; deliberate or not. It is like poring over a cryptic riddle or a puzzle

for time until all at once it falls into place.

Perhaps it is my obsession with problem-inducing things: cryptic

crosswords, chess, Rubik’s cubes, poker, cribbage and scrabble that have induced

this vision of art. It is the same either way. If I am looking at a Mark Rothko

painting, Rothko has set the puzzle to be deciphered and I am attempting to

solve it, even if the answer is as simple as, ‘a perfect combination of colour’.

If I create an artwork, it will have hidden parameters evident only by scrutiny.

It may be easy to interpret or it may be difficult, it doesn’t matter. I don’t

mind if people don’t interpret it the way I intended; only that it makes sense

in their own minds and that it gives them that same sense of satisfaction that I

get when I solve a puzzle. You could say that that is the ultimate motivation

for the art that I produce.

This theme has also played a strong role in the work that I have been doing

over the past year in my Art Foundation course. In the last ’self’-orientated

project I focussed on my fascination with playing cards and chess combined with

the physical aspects of my life. This has developed into my current project that

concentrates on aspects of chance (chess, playing cards) combined, symbolically,

with aspects of purpose (religion, gods, fate, strategy) through many different

mediums, including customised board games and sculptures. I am intrigued with

hidden meanings, so I am looking at artists such as Joseph Beuys and Leonardo Da

Vinci who are known to use a lot of symbolism in their work.

My current work has developed from many of the foundation course projects I

have done since the beginning of the year. I feel that this year has been a

significant indication of what path I want to follow in the future. I initially

enrolled with the mindset of trying it out and deciding what to do later on in

the year. I have worked hard at keeping up with work and have enjoyed being able

to develop my own ideas creatively over the last two terms. The foundation

course has already taught me how to be broad-minded about what art can be, and

the learning process has been somewhat enlightening. Ultimately I have enjoyed

the course; whether it is experimenting with interesting ideas in my own space,

sharing ideas with my peers about what we are doing or constructing sculptures

in the workshops. Upon having wandered around the degree student’s areas a few

times just to look at the work that is being produced I feel a connection to

what they are doing and what I am currently learning about and it makes me want

to go further with my work. This is why I wish to continue on at the degree

course. I believe it will challenge me and help me to evolve the art that I do

to an even further level.

Since October 2007, I have had a Saturday job working as an assistant in a

butcher’s. This job requires me to make deliveries, clean the shop, serve

customers, prepare meat and I often help out at the hog roast functions that the

shop hires out. I have done my best to work hard at this, as it is the only

proper job I have had apart from a paper round. Alongside attending the

foundation course I feel that it has made me a much more organised and confident

person in terms of arranging my life. I have definitely enjoyed working there as

much as I have worked hard at it. To resound the work I have done I have been

offered more work at the shop and at supervising hog roasts during the

summer.

Yours sincerely,

bzuowen

1.行前准备

即将出外留学，家长们都想给孩子带上、最需要的东西。辣椒酱、护肤品、小礼物、电子产品，一不小心便装了满满四个大箱子。但是，在准备行李的时候不仅要考虑自己的需求，更要考虑机场安检的规定。

托运行李有许多严禁的物品，譬如说常用的充电宝、管制刀

具、打火机、火柴、酒精、油漆等等。携带的食物也有规定，肉类、未加工皮革或动物毛皮，例如肉松、香肠、月饼、酱肉等，都不允许携带入境。另外，乘客具有一定的托运重量限额，经济舱旅客为20公斤,商务舱旅客为30公斤，头等舱旅客为40公斤。这些可以在收拾好行李后，用秤大致称一下重量，避免超重，否则超重要付的钱很有可能远远大过于行李本身的价值。

手提行李将陪伴我们二十多个小时的旅程，而手提行李也有重量限额，所以装什么也大有学问。手提行李中的液体每样不得超过100毫升，总共不得超过1升。护照这些出境必备的文件需要随身携带。充电宝也需要放在手提行李中，以免飞机延误无法充电。较厚的衣服、围巾、眼罩、耳塞等也随身携带，这些都能让我们有更舒适的长途旅程。

2.登机阶段

机场办理出境手续时会遇到检察官的考核，主要目标是考核我们是否为当地带来问题。但也不必太过担忧，问题大多非常简单。譬如说：出行的目的是?学的是什么课程?预计要在当地停留多久?父母是否有过出境经验?这些问题只需要如实回答即可。

另外，我们也常会遇到航班延误或飞机故障的问题。如果不是非常匆忙，只需在机场、或者机场提供的酒店耐心等待飞机起航即可。如果航班延误以至于耽搁了转机的航班，可以向工作人员请求帮助，一般来说，航空公司会免费安排另一趟时间合适的转机航班。

3.转机阶段

很多留学欧洲的同学们会选择在中东国家的机场、或者欧洲知名机场转机。因为这些机场大多设施齐全，机场里有免税店、餐厅、电 影

院、网吧等休闲场所。在部分国家，如果在此转机有一定的时间，还能免签游览当地美景。

1、留在德国

德国目前处于人口老龄话比较严重的阶段，国内人口供给社会的需求是比较吃力的，所以对海外的优秀人才尤其的重视，在德国顺利完成学业的毕业生更是吃香，大家留在这里是很有优势的。

可以从事的岗位遍布各行各业，一般企业的认可度都是比较高的，如果大家在学习期间就进入相关企业实过习，那么完成学业之后递交正式入职的申请，会更高一些。

一般的学生，就业的起薪年薪都在5万欧之上，毕业之后可以无条件的申请一年半的求职签证，工作满了两年就可以递交长期居留申请，满了五年可以递交永久居留申请。

2、回到国内

首先政府为大家提供了很不错的政策福利，会专门开展针对归国学生和企业之间的招聘会，搭建起一个不错的桥梁，方便双方进行沟通，也便于双向的选择，提高人才筛选的效率。

接着就是企业对留学生的学历、技能和创新会更认可，因为不同的培养方式，可以帮助大家获取和国内不一样的经验，这样在求职的时候，留学生的优势其实会更加明显一些。

如果大家有自己创业的打算的话，千万不要忽视了政府为大家提供的优势，可以提交免税的申请，还可以进驻到工业园，享受更好的硬件设施和器材，前提是你的企划案可以受到认可。

3、其他国家

作为欧洲的大国，德国的各所高校，发放的学历的认可度，还是比较高，不管大家想要去往哪一个国家就业，只要学历进行了认证，那么起点就不会打折扣，甚至会更有优势。

建议大家先从合资型的企业开始，因为这样你的语言优势才会比较明显，当然在陌生的国家求职的难度会更噶一些，需要大家做好吃苦的准备。

一、货币体系

加入了欧盟之后，德国就逐步开始普及欧元的使用，原本的货币体系慢慢退出了大众生活，因此留学生出国，一定要提前换好欧元的现金，并且多准备一点零钱，会更方便使用。

虽然这里手机支付没有普及，但是银行卡消费还是非常便捷的，尤其是国内的银联卡，在这里也可以刷卡使用，不过还是建议大家抵达之后尽快办理本地卡，这样可以享受的优惠会更多。

二、购物选择

有小型的便利店，在街道上就很常见，大家平时生活需要可以直接购买，非常方便而且目标明确不需要花很长的时间，营业的时间一般是10点到18点;这里也有24小时的便利店可以选择。

而大型的生活超市，则会有更加齐全的商品，适合比较大型的采购活动，例如需要进行生活用品的添置的时候，可以在之前列一个清单，会有更明确的目标，大家采购会更加方便。

三、医疗服务

在德国读书，一定要尽快的确认下自己要购买的保险的类型，作为福利很不错的国家，如果大家没有加入医疗体系，那么自费的话会非常昂贵，留学生至少需要买好基础医疗险。

一般生病建议就近选择诊所，需要提前进行预约才能够顺利的获取相应的服务;如果比较严重的话则需要去医院，能够自己去，因叫救护车价格很贵不能报销;买药要按照医生的医嘱来。

四、物价水平

在德国一般的留学生一个月700欧元基本就足够了，住宿大概需要三分之一，吃饭需要三分之一，社交出行购物等其他的开销，会占到三分之一，基本上大家就可以享受不错的生活。

学生的省份还可以享受不少的折扣优惠，一般来说都是直接获取的，大家出门带上自己的学生证，在支付前进行询问，会更有利于大家省钱。

准备充足的德国签证申请资料之后，德国签证申请下发为什么要等几个周?根据德国法律规定，领事馆只有发放入境签证的权利，一旦涉及到在德国居留超过3个月的居留许可，则必须经过当地外国人管理局同意，才可发放入境签证，这就是为什么使馆要将大家的材料寄往德国，而签证要等至少三周才发的原因。要知道，德国人办事是根据法律办的。在这还有个问题，因为使馆是属外交部，而外国人管理局是内政部的事，这样一来在法律上就有矛盾，也就是说如果出问题将由谁来承担的问题。

为解决这个问题，法律规定，在使馆递交申请人签证材料三周后(该3周为外办处理材料时间)，如果外办没有给使馆一个明确的答复，是批准还是拒绝，则该发放签证的权利由使馆负责，这就是签证上加注的Scheigfristvrfahren的来由。也就是说，如果你被拒绝签证，则有可能是因为使馆的原因，因为使馆认为你不符合条件，而并不是当地外办的原因，当然也有可能是因为当地外办的拒绝。

明白使馆处理德国签证资料的过程，然后就可以根据有关部门的法律来判断使馆是否处理不当，当然在目前的情况下，使馆是不说明拒绝理由的。相关法律条文如下如果外国人管理局在3周的默认期限和德国外交机构2个工作日内未作拒绝答复，则被认为同意发放，虽然如此，还必须注意入境条件，即拥有护照和足够的经济条件。如果外国人管理局要求作补充审核时，则默认期限不被考虑。

一、 材料准备阶段

申请德国研究生需要从小学到大学等一系列的所有证书证明，具体根据每个学生的学历情况有所不同。

二、 APS审核阶段

APS是德国驻华使馆文化处留德人员审核部(简称审核部APS)，负责检查中国申请是否符合德国大学录取条件及材料的真实性，一般从材料准备到参加审核拿到审核证书，需要约3至6个月时间。

三、 申请学校阶段

德国大学每年4月、10月开学。10月冬季入学季为主要新生入学季。多数院校10月开学申请截止日期为7月中旬，部分院校为4月中旬。多数院校4月开学申请截止日期为1月中旬，部分院校为11月中旬。所以学生们应尽早查询自己想申请大学的申请材料及申请截止日期。

四、 申请签证阶段

冬季开学的通知书一般在每年8/9月发放，春季开学的通知书再每年2/3月发放。学生在拿到通知书后便可以办理签证。德国使馆很少拒签，只要学生能拿到德国大学的录取，一般都能通过签证。

一、必须要过语言

德国大学录取过程中对语言的要求也相对较低，仅仅满足于一纸学时证明和面试时简单的几个问句。当你手拿大学录取通知书(请注意：德国的大学录取通知书同中国的完全是两种意义。德国的大学录取通知书更准确地应称为有条件录取，必须通过语言考试才能注册)毕竟国内学生从小学的是英语，(极少有从小为留德就开始做准备学习德语)都是临近申请前突击学习几百学时。赴德后必须经过德国语言班的学习并通过语言等级考试DSH2。根据德国的`有关规定，两年之内无法通过大学语言考试，即被遣返回国。所以必须得埋头苦学德语，务必在国内把德语基础打扎实，最好在国内通过德语水平考试后再出国，这样一方面可使自己在德国有一个宽松的学习环境，另一方面也可迅速适应完全陌生的学习环境。

二、教学体制差异大

德国大学的教学体制与中国很不相同。最明显体现在德国大学高度强调学生学习的自觉性和能动性，教授一般不督促学生的课外学习，通常只是负责讲好自己的课，并给学生列出一长串的参考书目，至于你上课有没有听懂或是学习上是不是有困难，只要你不主动去问，他也一概不去关心，至于你有没有去读参考书，他更是不管。而且德国的大学教授通常都有自己的辅导时间，规定时间之外，你很难找到他。这种放手的教学机制让从小就被家长和老师计划安排好了的中国学生很难适应。因为自主能力差，导致学习计划一团糟，影响学习成绩，同时也挫伤了学习兴趣。

三、德国学制长

德国大学学制很有自身特点：学习时间不受限制，只要你修满必需的学分，不论你是花五年的时间还是十年的时间，都可让你毕业。这对一个学习不很自觉的人来说，客观上很容易养成惰性。虽然中国人以聪颖勤奋闻名，但在德国学习却很难偷得上巧，一般需要多花半年甚至更多的时间才能顺利完成学业并拿到学位。这同英美国家一两年即可获得一个学位相比，无疑要落后很多。

不过，德国学制长并不是一无是处，起码有一点是世界公认的：德国虽然没有大牌大学，但它的大学文凭含金量却是极其高的。

四、不易申请奖学金

因为德国大学是免费教育，所以它本身不设立奖学金。奖学金通常由德意志学术交流中心(DAAD)或是德国各个政党的基金会如阿登纳基金会、埃伯特基金会、瑙曼基金会等提供。资助对象绝大多数为大学高年级的学生，也包括外国学生，但主要照顾欧洲和北美国家，中国学生除非学习成绩出众，一般很难申请到奖学金。而且奖学金金额要较英美国家少一些。此外，几乎没有任何一个基金会会向申请者提供整个学习期间的资助。

The most important element of my classroom, my office, or my home is a

personal relationship. I have figured this out on examination of my activities

in high school (youth group regional president), college (telephone crisis

counselor, resident advisor), or profession (teacher). As a teacher I made a

point of getting to know every student in my classes personally. It quickly

became my experience that students were more willing to learn, work, and excel

when they were appreciated as individuals and when they knew that the adult in

the classroom genuinely liked them.

After a few years' experience teaching seniors, I accepted a teaching job at

the middle school with the freshman class that had just learned they would not

physically be moving to the high school. How would I motivate and get to know

these kids? Everything that I had ever heard about or remembered about 9th grade

made me want to turn and run. But what convinced me to take this job was

technology. In my interview I learned that instead of the library, I was to use

the Internet (the what?). I was told that I would receive a laptop computer

(aren't those the things that people with "real" jobs used?) and that the kids

could teach me anything I needed to know.

Computers became my thing. Immediately I began to learn how to surf the

Internet from 8th and 9th graders (Sanj and Judy said I was teachers' pet). My

kids opened up and set aside their raging adolescence to use technology to help

me and help each other. As the year with the freshmen continued, I was

overjoyed. First, my kids and I had the best rapport in years (gosh Miss Glazer,

are all of your PowerPoint slides gonna look the same?). Second, my creativity

in teaching increased as new doors were opened to me and in turn to my students

(conspiracy takes on a whole new meaning when the Internet is your primary

source). Third, I was learning new and exciting things. I had finally found a

combination of skills that affected my students in such a positive way that I

knew I had to share my findings.

I have since taken my computer knowledge, instructional design ideas, plus my

emphasis on personal relationships and applied it to teachers and students in my

district and other districts in the North Texas area.

Through the Learning, Design, and Technology program at Stanford University I

hope to continue on the route that started for me at the middle school. I know

that I will learn new things and have an opportunity to apply them to

educational settings. I also know that I will be able to establish relationships

with colleagues, professors, and other students. Although a master's degree is

the short term goal, I believe that my long term goal remains the same as when I

began using technology in my classroom three years ago: to see students better

educated through a curriculum infused with technology by teachers who do not

lose sight of the personal relationships that benefit all kids.

This long-term goal may be achieved by working in a single school, a school

district, or an educational center. It may be reached by teaching new teachers

on the university level, by instructing at-risk students in a county

after-school program, or by designing a terrific new classroom model and

implementing it through a regional education lab with a grant from the U.S.

Department of Education.

Whatever the job, my aim remains the same and as it did years ago with my

freshmen, I feel certain that I will use any situation to fulfill my goal to

benefit students (can you say optimistic, or is it opportunistic?)

I am a person keen on thinking and experiencing. My lively character and

vigorous energy have made me very active in extracurricular events in which I

have sought an all-round personal development. Sociology Studies will provide me

with the kind of constant real life thinking I have always craved, while helping

me to improve my analytical, practical & communication skills. Also my

concern and curiosity about society and its people inspired me to pursue this

subject for my higher education, as I believe Sociology Studies sums up a lot in

the changing nature of society.

My education has schooling my perception of society and people leading me

to be acutely aware of social events, inequality, identities, cultures and

religious fundamentalism, especially in a society such as the one I come from -

China. I was practicing in the Chinese Hope Project during summer holidays and

volunteered to investigate the issue of low educational attendance rate for

female students in rural China with my tutor from my high school and that was a

very good experience as it not only made me realise how traditional cultural

influence could remain unchanged in some of those rural areas in China and also

the way parents and children interacting. I always have wondered why for many

Chinese students just like me, hundreds of them fail to choose what they really

want to student and do as a career. Chinese parents are definitely having

strange influences on their kids' decision making in terms of education and

career or in the worst cases; the parents decided what their kids should do

solely. My mother believes that I should go for Finance studies, while I clearly

know that my interest has never been in the Mathematical formulas and numbers, I

always find the diversities of societies, people, beliefs, cultures and the way

people interacting together very fascinating. So, during this summer, my

thoughts kept returning on why I worked so unsuccessfully towards studying

finance and economics as my mother expected? And how can I truly become my own

master by progressing a BA that I really like to engage more research and enrich

myself with? How did all the cultural and beliefs affecting the way we acting

the roles in the community? In which way an individual could actually build up

and refine his/her identities?

In pursuing a Sociology degree, I seek answers to these questions. A

thorough examination of the Sociology behind human behaves could reveal the

beliefs, values and identities; it enables us to exam and understand ourselves

better. While knowledge of Sociology will certainly benefit the social services

providing, I also maintain a passion for Culture Studies for that same reason.

Cultural behaviour study appeals to me because it tells us why we act in a

certain way - under a cultural atmosphere. Also for being in the -- for 3 years,

the knowledge about the outside world has given me a unique and balanced

perspective to examine the reality of Chinese society too. In this historical

epoch in which China is becoming closely integrated into the international

community and playing an influence role in the world arena, I wish to gain

insights into our society in its socio-culture aspects and to study how Chinese

culture can respond to the globalization process.

By combining these thoughts into a good BA in Sociology degree programme, I

can pursue my professional goal of doing education and community service work

for the government and perhaps focusing in promote public welfare. My experience

in the past in social practices has not only equipped me with an intellectual

foundation for my future studies but has also supplied me with my career plans.

In my eyes, China's several thousand years of history has given rise to the

deep-entrenched rule by man instead of rule by law and nature. In dealing with

such issues like economic development, poverty elimination and the promotion of

law, the framing and application of government policies seem to play a greater

role. Therefore, it is obvious that to contribute to public welfare and to

national development, it is more realistic and useful to become a well-trained

and well-qualified public administrator. In this lies the motivation of my

application for an undergraduate programme in sociology at your esteemed

department.

WanSheng High School where I was studying is a key provincial high school

that attracts best students from every part of the province. In fierce academic

competitions, I have managed to remain top-ten in my high school academic

performance and was recommended by the school to Highbury College, Portsmouth to

study my foundation course. I passed the foundation course successfully in 20__

and was an outstanding student of my class. I believe that my previous social

practices activities and academic preparations have built a solid background for

me to further my intensive and fruitful research in your BA in Sociology

studies. After gaining knowledge of both Sociology and different cultures at the

highly regarded University of Leicester, I plan to work for social services to

use my knowledge of social human behaviour to aid members of the public.

云南是个绝佳的旅游胜地。今年暑假，妈妈报了一个旅行团，带着我踏上了彩云之南。我们欣赏了雄伟壮丽的玉龙雪山，领略了惊心动魄的虎跳峡，体验了小桥流水的丽江古城……一切都是那么美好，除了吃饭这件事。

我是一个地地道道的重庆人，生活离不开一个“辣”字，每顿饭简直是无辣不欢，香辣小龙虾，麻辣水煮鱼，酸辣杂酱粉……这些菜我都很喜爱，它们之所以那么美味，离不开辣椒这个“大功臣”。

来到丽江第一天，导游叔叔高兴地告诉我们：“今天中午的团餐是最好的一顿，吃纳西族特色火锅——玛卡汽锅鸡!”听了这话，我心里暗暗窃喜，没想到出门也可以吃我的最爱——火锅。看来团餐也可以高大上嘛!到了中午，正当我望眼欲穿，一个别致的锅端上来，那一刻我顿时傻眼了。刚才肚子里蠢蠢欲动的馋虫，此时此刻也偃旗息鼓了。因为锅里我没有看到一个辣椒的影子，汤也太淡了点，虽然里面炖了一些鸡肉，香味却没有。没有辣椒的火锅还是火锅吗?还好妈妈机智，去厨房要了一碟干辣椒面，加了一点汤当蘸水调料。有了辣椒这个好“伙伴”，这顿午饭我勉强应付了。

旅行第二天，我们一大早从丽江出发赶去神秘的香格里拉。由于高原反应，我的头隐隐作痛，还有点想呕吐，中午的时候我什么也吃不下。晚上，我们去藏民家访，一边看表演一边吃牛肉火锅。藏民们很热情，牛肉切得大块大块的，可是我吃在嘴里嚼不烂，也咽不下去。我想吃旁边的生菜，土豆，看着锅里不停地冒着小泡泡，我满心欢喜放进去好几种素菜，几分钟后，生菜熟了，土豆是生的，我想大概土豆的火候还不够。又过去几分钟，土豆依然老样子，莫非香格里拉的土豆不一样吗?后来妈妈告诉我，因为这里的海拔高，我们看到的水虽然沸腾了，其实此刻的水温可能只有八十几度，所以有些菜煮不熟，怪不得我们吃的米饭也有点半生不熟。饿了一整天我已经前胸贴到了后背，可是我依然没有胃口。半夜的时候，我的肚子还在“咕咕咕”地抗议。

回到丽江，妈妈自费请我吃了一顿正宗的麻辣火锅。看着红红的油汤上飘着一个个鲜艳的辣椒，我忍不住食指大动。饿了几天的肚子终于饱餐了一顿。

“有一个美丽的地方，那里彩云在飘荡。”提起神奇秀丽的西双版纳，谁能不为之心驰神往!到西双版纳去，是我的一个梦。

神奇的热带雨林中，有很多縢状植物，像蛇一样地缠在大树上。雨林很幽深，溪水清澈、冰凉。快乐的小鸟在密林深处歌唱。

西双版纳还有一个吸引人的地方，就是野象谷。据说，一般不会遇见野象，但可以看见一场表演。如果你拿一块菠萝，大象就会向你冲来。你狼狈撤退时，要把菠萝给它做贿赂。看着他把牙签拔掉，得意洋洋的吃菠萝，你会感到哭笑不得。如果你大方一点，给他一块钱，它会冲你点头一叫表示感谢，然后踱到水果摊去买香蕉。

更值得一提的是神奇别致的泼水节。傣族人天生对水有一种崇敬感。在盛大的节日里，老老少少，男男女女，都穿着色彩鲜艳的衣服，尽情挥洒水的柔情和友谊。在青山绿水和夕阳映衬下，更显出几分美丽与多情。

我真喜欢美丽的西双版纳!真希望能够早日踏上那块神奇而多情的土地。

德国人非常注重规则和纪律，干什么都十分认真。凡是有明文规定的，德国人都会自觉遵守;凡是明确禁止的，德国人绝不会去碰它。在一些人的眼中，许多情况下，德国人近乎呆板，缺乏灵活性，甚至有点儿不通人情。但细细想来，这种"不灵活"甚为有益。没有纪律，何来秩序?没有规矩，何有认真?

德国人很讲究清洁和整齐，不仅注意保持自己生活的小环境的清洁和整齐，而且也十分重视大环境的清洁和整齐。在德国，无论是公园、街道，还是影剧院或者其它公共场合，到处都收拾得干干净净，整整齐齐。德国人也很重视服装穿戴。工作时就穿工作服，下班回到家里虽可以穿得随便些，但只要有客来访或外出活动，就一定会穿戴得整洁。看戏、听歌剧时，女士要穿长裙，男士要穿礼服，至少要穿深色的服装。参加社会活动或正式宴会更是如此。

*守时间 喜清静*

德国人非常守时，约定好的时间，无特殊情况，绝不轻易变动。德国人应邀到别人家做客或者是外出拜访朋友，都会按点到达，不会让主人浪费时间干等或者不得不提前招待客人。否则的话，就是不礼貌，如有特殊原因无法准时赴约时，都会向朋友表示歉意，并请求原谅。

德国人多喜欢清静的生活，除特殊场合外，不大喜欢喧闹。比方说，许多人虽在城里上班，但却把家安在乡村或者城市附近的小镇，图的就是一个清静。就是那些住在城里的人，也十分注意住宅周围的无噪音。例如，晚上8时至第二天早晨8时不可以演奏乐器、大声喧哗。如果晚上要搞聚会活动，事先要向邻居讲明情况，请求他们谅解，并尽可能安排在周末，尽可能不大声喧闹。否则，受干扰的邻居会十分恼怒，可能会当面提出抗议，个别人甚至会请警察出面干预。

*待人诚恳 注重礼仪*

通常来讲，同德国人打交道没有太多的麻烦。多数情况下，他们都比较干脆。凡是他们能办的，他们都会马上告诉你"可以办"。凡是他们办不到的，他们也会明确告诉你"不行"，很少摆架子，或者给人以模棱两可的答复。当然，人际关系和努力的程度对办事也绝非没有影响。

和西方许多国家相似，德国人比较注意礼仪。两人相遇时，不管认识不认识，也不管在路上，或者办公室、宾馆、电梯等地方，都相互打招呼，问声"您好"。餐馆吃饭时，也要向已就坐的顾客点头问候，真的是"斯文对斯文，礼多人不怪"。朋友见面以握手为礼，告别时亦如此。十分要好的、长时间未见的朋友相见或长期分开时可以相互拥抱。正式场合，仍有男子对女子行吻手礼，但多做个吻手的样子，不必非要吻到手背上。在交往过程中，大多数人往往用"您"以及姓氏之前冠以"先生"或"女士"(也作"夫人"讲)作为尊称。只有亲朋好友和年轻人之间互相用"你"以及名字称呼。对女性，不管其婚否或长幼，都可以称"某女士"，但对已婚妇女应以其夫姓称之。

送礼在德国也很受重视。应邀去别人家做客时，一般都带礼物。大部分人带束鲜花，也有一些男性客人带瓶葡萄酒，个别人带一本有意义的书(或者是自己写的书)或者画册之类等。在欢迎客人(如车站、机场等场所)、探望病人时，也多送鲜花。在祝贺他人生日、节日或者婚嫁等时，可寄送贺卡，如送贺礼，则以实用和有意义为原则，而不是以价格高低论轻重。所送之礼物都要事先用礼品纸包好。许多人常在收到礼后会马上打开观看，并向送礼人表示感谢。

在德国和其它西方国家，女士在许多场合下都受到优先照顾，如进门、进电梯、上车等，都是女士优先。男士要帮女士开轿车门、挂衣服、让座位等。女士对此只说声"谢谢"，而不必感到不好意思，或者认为对方不怀好意。在同人交谈时，德国人很注意尊重对方。不询问人家的私事(如不问女性的年龄，不问对方的收入等)，也不拿在场的人开玩笑。就餐谈话时，不隔着餐桌与坐得较远的人交谈，怕影响别人的情绪。

1、谁遇到缺德事不立即感到厌恶，遇到美事不立即感到喜悦，谁就没有道德感，这样的人就没有良心。谁做了缺德事而只害怕被判刑，不由于自我行为不轨而责备自我，而是由于想到痛苦的后果才胆战心惊，这种人也没有良心，而仅有良心的表面罢了。可是，谁能够意识到行为本身的缺德程度，而不研究后果如何，却是有良心的。——康德

2、这世上有两样东西我一想起来便心生敬畏，那就是我们头顶的星空和我们心中的道德律。——康德

3、要评判美，就要有一个有修养的心灵。——康德

4、良心是一种根据道德准则来确定自我的本能，它不只是一种本事；它是一种本能。——康德

5、有两件事情，越是对它们一再并且持续地沉思默想，就会满怀著不断更新并且不断增长的赞颂和敬畏，即：头上的星空和心中的道德律。——康德《实践理性批判》

6、世界上仅有两样东西是值得我们深深景仰的，一个是我们头上的灿烂星空，另一个是我们内心的崇高道德法则。——伊曼努尔·康德

7、世界上唯有两样东西能让我们的内心受到深深的震撼，一是我们头顶浩瀚灿烂的星空，一是我们心中崇高的道德法则。——康德《实践理性批判》

8、我们所有的知识都开始于感性，然后进入到知性，最终以理性告终。没有比理性更高的东西了。——康德

9、有两种东西，我对它们的思考越是深沉和持久，他们在我心灵中唤起的赞叹和敬畏就会越来越历久弥新，一是我们头顶浩瀚灿烂的星空，一是我们心中崇高的的道德法则。他们向我印证，上帝在我头顶，亦在我心中。文言译：常有二理，在手心焉；敬而畏之，与日更新；上则为星辰，下则为德性。——伊曼努尔·康德

10、启蒙就是人从他咎由自取的受监护状态走出。受监护状态就是没有他人的指导就不能使用自我的理智的状态。如果这种受监护状态的原因不在于缺乏理智，而在于缺乏无须他人指导而使用自我的理智的决心和勇气，则它就是咎由自取的。所以，要敢于认识！要有勇气使用你自我的理智！——伊曼努尔·康德

11、谁仅有按照别人的选择才能幸福，他是理应感到不幸的。因为，他怎样能担保他的强有力邻人在对于选择的确定将会与他自我的确定相一致呢——康德《实用人类学》

12、只要你尽职尽责，人们都会由衷地对你尊敬。——康德

13、对孩子的要求，如果没有充分的理由加以拒绝，就应当给予满足；如果有不答应这种要求的理由，那就不允许他耍赖。一旦拒绝，就不要改变。——康德

14、教育最复杂的任务之一，就是把服从法律的强制性向教育孩子善于动用自我的自由权力结合起来。孩子只要不做有害于自我和他人的事，就应当让他们有行动的自由，不要硬去改变孩子的意愿。要让孩子懂得，他们仅有为别人供给到达目的的可能性，才能到达自我的目的。——康德

15、理性一手拿着自我的原理，一手拿来着根据那个原理研究出来和实验，奔赴自然。——康德

16、有两种东西，我对它们的思考越是深沉和持久，它们在我心灵中唤起的惊奇和敬畏就会日新月异，不断增长，这就是我头上的星空与心中的道德定律。——康德《实践理性批判》

17、有两样东西，对它们的盯凝愈深沉，在我心里唤起的敬畏与赞叹就愈强烈，这就是：头顶上的星空和心中的道德律。——康德

18、如果竭尽自我最大努力仍然还是一无所得，所剩下的只是善良意志，它诚如沉睡的宝石一样，自身就发射着耀目的光芒，自身之内就具有价值。——康德《道德形而上学原理》

19、天才是自创法则的人。——康德

20、有两种东西，我们越是反常的思索，越是在心中灌注了永远新鲜和不断增长的赞叹和敬畏：我头上的星空和我心中的道德。——康德

21、道德首先被要求的是支配自我——康德

22、越是处心积虑地想得到生活上的舒适和幸福，那么这个人就越是得不到真正的满足。——康德《道德形而上学原理》

23、人就是现世上创造的最终目的，因为人乃是世上唯一无二的存在着能够构成目的的概念，是能够从一大堆有目的而构成的东西中，借助于他的理性，而构成目的的一个体系——康德

24、有两样东西，我思索的回数愈多，时间愈久，它们充溢我以愈见刻刻常新刻刻常增的惊异和严肃之感，那便是我头上的星空和心中的道德律。——康德

25、道德确实不是指导人们如何使自我幸福的教条，而是指导人们如何配享有幸福的学说。——康德

26、美，是道德上的善的象征。——康德

27、有两种东西，我们对它思索得越久，就越是对它充满赞叹和敬畏：那是头上的星空和内心的道德律。——康德

28、三样东西有助于缓解生命的辛劳：期望，睡眠和微笑。——康德

29、位我上者，灿烂星空；道德律令，在我心中。——康德

30、一杯水是清澈的，而海水却是黑色的。就像小的道理能够说明，真正的大道理却是沉默的——康德

31、所谓的宗教，是指我们的一切义务都要当做上帝的命令而言。——康德

32、那最神圣恒久而又日新月异的，那最使我们感到惊奇和震撼的两件东西，是天上的星空和我们心中的道德律。——康德

33、当爱情需要我的时候我没有资格，当我需要爱情的时候，他却离我而去——康德

34、对自然美抱有直接兴趣……永远是心地善良的标志。——康德

35、世上最奇妙的是我头上灿烂星空和内心的道德准则。——康德

36、发怒，是用别人的错误来惩罚自我。——康德

37、所谓宗教，就是把我们的义务的一切都看作是神的命令——康德

38、世界上有两件东西能震撼人们的心灵：一件是我们心中崇高的道德标准；另一件是我们头顶上灿烂的星空。——康德

39、能充实心灵的东西，乃是闪烁着星星的苍穹，以及我内心的道德律。——康德

40、因为自我的幸福虽然是一个所有人（由于其本性的冲动）都具有的目的，但这个目的却永远不能被视为义务而不自相矛盾。每个人不可避免地已经自动想要的东西，就不属于义务的概念；因为义务是强制具有一个不乐意采纳的目的。所以，说人有义务全力促成其自我的幸福，是自相矛盾的。———伊曼努尔·康德《康德著作全集第卷》

41、一个人说出来的话必须是真的，可是他没有必要把他知道的都说出来。——伊曼努尔·康德

42、酒能使人出语轻快，酒更能使人一吐衷情。酒，因而成为一种道德的性质成为搬运率直之心的物质——康德

43、一是我们头顶上灿烂的星空，一是我们内心崇高的道德法则——康德《实践理性批判》

44、一个人的缺点来自他的时代，他的美德和伟大却属于自我。——康德

45、人，实则一切有理性者，所以存在，是由于自身是个目的，并不是只供这个或那个意志利用的工具——康德

46、一个行为的道德性不取决于它的结果，而仅仅取决于该行为背后的意图。——康德《道德形而上学基础》

47、我们越是忙越能强烈地感到我们是活着，越能意识到我们生命的存在。——康德

48、诚实比一切智谋更好，并且它是智谋的基本条件。——康德

49、自由不是让你想做什么就做什么，自由是教你不想做什么，就能够不做什么。——伊曼努尔·康德

50、老年时像青年时一样高高兴兴吧！青年，好比百灵鸟，有他的晨歌；老年，好比夜莺，应当有他的夜曲。——康德

51、这个令人肃然起敬的“人格”观念，一面使我们从头注意到自我的行为同它有欠贴合，并因些挫抑了我们的自负心，同时却使我们明白地看出了我们的天性的崇高；这个观念就是在极平常的人类理性方面也是自然发生显而易见的。凡稍知廉耻的人不是有时会发现，他原来能够撒一次无伤大雅的谎，以便摆脱某种可厌之举。甚或为其可爱可敬的友人求得某种利益，可是他却仅仅因为害怕暗自鄙弃，而毕竟不曾撒谎吗一个正直的人只要废弃职责，原可摆脱某种惨境，而其所以能够不辞辛苦，坚持下去，不是由于他自觉到这样才能够身作则，维护人的尊严，加以尊崇，才能够——康德

52、有两件事物越思考就越觉得震撼与敬畏，那便是我头上的星空和我心中的道德准则。——康德《实践理性批判》

53、痛苦就是被迫离开原地——康德

54、给我物质，我就用它造出一个宇宙来。——康德

55、大海之所以伟大，除了它美丽壮阔坦荡外，还有一种自我净化的功能。——康德

20xx年6月10日

本人， xxx，(出生于xx年xx月xx日， 现居住在德国xxx，在xxx工作)，邀请我的父亲，xxx（xx年xx月xx日出生于xx，护照号: xxxxx）和我的母亲，xxx（xx年xx月xx日出生于xx，护照号:xxxxx），在xx年xx月xx日 — xx年xx月xx日 期间来德国探望我. 我承担他们的旅行和居留期间的费用。

我在此保证，我的父母在签证届满前回返中国。

此致

敬礼

xxx

………………………………………… (签名) ……………………………. (日期/地点)